海王星的长期和自转亮度变化
The Secular and Rotational Brightness Variations of Neptune
摘要：
在过去的几十年里，海王星的亮度增加了10%以上。我们报告的分析发表的约翰逊-波塞冬B和V的星等可以追溯到1954年，随着新的U，B，V，R，Rc，I和Ic测光，我们记录在过去的24年。所有七个带通中的特征震级、颜色和反射率都是从数据的集合中得出的。此外，25个光谱跨越26小时的观测5个夜晚进行了分析。分光光度法表明，行星通量和甲烷当量带宽度与行星通量和甲烷当量带宽度成反比。我们将波段强度、通量和辐射的变化归因于在行星可见盘面上旋转的高海拔云层。明亮的云层增加了甲烷的吸收和通量，同时减少了甲烷的吸收。合成V的幅度来自光谱也同意密切与光度的数量，这两种技术的交叉验证。光谱和光度的结果进行了讨论的框架内的长期亮度变化的海王星。
英文摘要：
Neptune has brightened by more than 10% during the past several decades. We report on the analysis of published Johnson-Cousins B and V magnitudes dating back to 1954 along with new U, B, V, R, Rc, I and Ic photometry that we recorded during the past 24 years. Characteristic magnitudes, colors and albedos in all seven band-passes are derived from the ensemble of data. Additionally, 25 spectra spanning 26 hours of observation on 5 nights are analyzed. The spectrophotometry demonstrates that planetary flux and albedo is inversely related to the equivalent widths of methane bands. We attribute the changes in band strength, flux and albedo to the high altitude clouds which rotate across the planet's visible disk. Bright clouds increase albedo and flux while reducing methane absorption. Synthetic V magnitudes derived from the spectroscopy also agree closely with the photometric quantities, which cross-validates the two techniques. The spectroscopic and photometric results are discussed within the framework of the secular brightness variations of Neptune.
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