从Majorana方程看半整数自旋自由粒子的量子理论
Quantum Theory of Half-integer Spin Free Particles from the Perspective of the Majorana Equation
摘要：
在这项研究中，马约拉纳方程的粒子与任意自旋的解决了半整数自旋自由粒子。基本状态的解决方案，对应于参考系中的粒子是在休息，比较与使用狄拉克方程，特别是关于在相对论极限，其中粒子的速度接近光的近似。此外，考虑了马约拉纳定义的非物理解，证明它们的占据概率随着粒子速度而增加。这些状态所表现出的反常行为也表明，对于具有小质量的高能粒子，从缓子态到快子态的跃迁是可能的。
英文摘要：
In this study, the Majorana equation for particles with arbitrary spin is solved for a half-integer spin free particle. The solution for the fundamental state, corresponding to the reference frame in which the particle is at rest, is compared with that obtained using the Dirac equation, especially as regards the approximation in the relativistic limit, in which the speed of the particle is close to that of light. Furthermore, the solutions that Majorana defines unphysical, proving that their occupation probability increases with the particle velocity, are taken into consideration. The anomalous behavior exhibited by these states also shows that for high-energy particles with small mass, transitions from a bradyonic state to a tachyonic state become possible.
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