$^{72}$ Ge的形状共存和轴向非对称性的作用
Shape coexistence and the role of axial asymmetry in $^{72}$Ge
摘要：
用GRETINA和CHICO-2研究了$^{72}$ Ge中低激发态的四极集体和$0^+_2$和$2^+_3$能级的反常行为.使用最小二乘搜索代码gosia确定了连接14个低水平的总共46个$E2$和$M1$矩阵元素。三轴性和形状共存的证据，从Kumar-Cline求和规则推导出的模型独立的形状不变量的基础上，提出。这些解释使用一个简单的两态混合模型以及多态混合计算的三轴转子模型的框架内进行。这些结果是理解这种核的不寻常结构的一个重要里程碑。
英文摘要：
The quadrupole collectivity of low-lying states and the anomalous behavior of the $0^+_2$ and $2^+_3$ levels in $^{72}$Ge are investigated via projectile multi-step Coulomb excitation with GRETINA and CHICO-2. A total of forty six $E2$ and $M1$ matrix elements connecting fourteen low-lying levels were determined using the least-squares search code, gosia. Evidence for triaxiality and shape coexistence, based on the model-independent shape invariants deduced from the Kumar-Cline sum rule, is presented. These are interpreted using a simple two-state mixing model as well as multistate mixing calculations carried out within the framework of the triaxial rotor model. The results represent a significant milestone towards the understanding of the unusual structure of this nucleus.
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