arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1603.02577astro-ph.GA
收藏

使用SOFIA映射NGC 7023中的PDKEEPAAA尺寸

Mapping PAH sizes in NGC 7023 with SOFIA

B. A. Croiset, A. Candian, O. Berné, A. G. G. M. Tielens

摘要:

NGC 7023是一个被充分研究的反射星云,它显示了来自多环芳烃(PAH)分子的芳香红外带(AIB)形式的强烈发射。AIBs在该区域的光谱变化与PAH分子的化学演化有关,而PAH分子的化学演化又取决于当地的物理条件。我们使用SOFIA的能力来观察NGC 7023的3.2' x 3.4'区域,我们在3.3和11.2 um的高空间分辨率(2.7”)下观察到的波长。我们比较了SOFIA图像与现有图像的PAH发射在8.0 μ m(斯皮策),从蒸发非常小的颗粒(eVSG)从斯皮策IRS光谱立方体提取的发射,ERE(HST和CFHT),和H_2(2.12 μ m)。我们创建了11.2/3.3 μ m比率的地图,以探测PAH尺寸分布的形态,以及8.0/11.2 μ m比率的地图,以探测PAH电离。我们使用的排放模型和振动光谱从美国宇航局艾姆斯PAHdb翻译的11.2/3.3微米比PAH的大小。11.2/3.3 μ m的分布图显示了PDR西北部和南部的最小PAH浓度(H_2和扩展红光发射)。我们估计,在西北PDR中的多环芳烃携带,平均数的碳原子数(N_c)约70在PDR腔和约50在PDR表面。在整个星云中,结果揭示了PAH大小的2倍变化。我们将这些尺寸变化与PAH家族从分子云到PDR的演变模型联系起来。多环芳烃的大小图使我们能够跟踪NGC 7023中多环芳烃的光化学演化。当VSG到达PDR表面时,它们的光蒸发会产生小的多环芳烃。在PDR空腔内,随着最小的PAH被分解,PAH丰度下降。在只有最大的物种存活或通过光化学处理转化为C_60的空腔中,平均PAH尺寸增加。

英文摘要:

NGC 7023 is a well-studied reflection nebula, which shows strong emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules in the form of aromatic infrared bands (AIBs). The spectral variations of the AIBs in this region are connected to the chemical evolution of the PAH molecules which, in turn, depends on the local physical conditions. We use the capabilities of SOFIA to observe a 3.2' x 3.4' region of NGC 7023 at wavelengths that we observe with high spatial resolution (2.7") at 3.3 and 11.2 um. We compare the SOFIA images with existing images of the PAH emission at 8.0 um (Spitzer), emission from evaporating very small grains (eVSG) extracted from Spitzer-IRS spectral cubes, the ERE (HST and CFHT), and H_2 (2.12 um). We create maps of the 11.2/3.3 um ratio to probe the morphology of the PAH size distribution and the 8.0/11.2 um ratio to probe the PAH ionization. We make use of an emission model and of vibrational spectra from the NASA Ames PAHdb to translate the 11.2/3.3 um ratio to PAH sizes. The 11.2/3.3 um map shows the smallest PAH concentrate on the PDR surface (H_2 and extended red emission) in the NW and South PDR. We estimated that PAHs in the NW PDR bear, on average, a number of carbon atoms (N_c) of ~70 in the PDR cavity and ~50 at the PDR surface. In the entire nebula, the results reveal a factor of 2 variation in the size of the PAH. We relate these size variations to several models for the evolution of the PAH families when they traverse from the molecular cloud to the PDR. The PAH size map enables us to follow the photochemical evolution of PAHs in NGC 7023. Small PAHs result from the photo-evaporation of VSGs as they reach the PDR surface. Inside the PDR cavity, the PAH abundance drops as the smallest PAH are broken down. The average PAH size increases in the cavity where only the largest species survive or are converted into C_60 by photochemical processing.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑