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arXiv 1603.02191astro-ph.IM
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水冰上分子的Binding Energy:实验室测量和模拟

Binding Energy of Molecules on Water Ice: Laboratory Measurements and Modeling

Jiao He, Kinsuk Acharyya, Gianfranco Vidali

摘要:

我们测量了N $_2$、CO、O $_2$、CH $_4$和CO $_2$在无孔(致密)非晶态固体水(np-ASW)上的结合能,N $_2$和CO在多孔非晶态固体水(p-ASW)上的结合能,以及NH $_3$在结晶水冰上的结合能。我们能够测量结合能下降到一个层的1\%的分数,从而使这些测量更适合天体化学比现有的值。我们发现,CO $_2$在np-ASW表面形成团簇,即使在非常低的覆盖率。N $_2$、CO、O $_2$和CH $_4$的结合能随着亚单层区域的覆盖而降低。它们在低覆盖极限的值远高于气体颗粒模型中常用的值。经验公式被用来描述的覆盖度依赖的结合能。我们使用新确定的结合能分布在模拟气体颗粒化学冷云和热核模型。我们发现,由于较高的值的解吸能量在子monlayer制度的一小部分,所有这些冰停留更长的时间和更高的温度在晶粒表面相比,目前使用的单值能量的天体化学模型。

英文摘要:

We measured the binding energy of N$_2$, CO, O$_2$, CH$_4$, and CO$_2$ on non-porous (compact) amorphous solid water (np-ASW), of N$_2$ and CO on porous amorphous solid water (p-ASW), and of NH$_3$ on crystalline water ice. We were able to measure binding energies down to a fraction of 1\% of a layer, thus making these measurements more appropriate for astrochemistry than the existing values. We found that CO$_2$ forms clusters on np-ASW surface even at very low coverages. The binding energies of N$_2$, CO, O$_2$, and CH$_4$ decrease with coverage in the submonolayer regime. Their values at the low coverage limit are much higher than what is commonly used in gas-grain models. An empirical formula was used to describe the coverage dependence of the binding energies. We used the newly determined binding energy distributions in a simulation of gas-grain chemistry for cold cloud and hot core models. We found that owing to the higher value of desorption energy in the sub-monlayer regime a fraction of all these ices stays much longer and up to higher temperature on the grain surface compared to the single value energies currently used in the astrochemical models.

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