多尺度赤道电射流Turbulence：基线二维流体模式中的能量守恒、耦合和叶栅
Multiscale Equatorial Electrojet Turbulence: Energy Conservation, Coupling, and Cascades in a Baseline 2-D Fluid Model
摘要：
报道了在统一流体模型基础上对赤道电射流中等离子体不稳定性耦合的研究进展。通过研究密度梯度标度长度（Ln）和交叉场（E？B）在等离子体湍流上漂移。阐明了这些多尺度不稳定性的能量传递机制和途径。能量的统一模型进行检查，包括注入，保守的重新分配（场和尺度之间），和最终耗散。能量学中涉及的各种物理机制被分类为源、汇、非线性传递和耦合，以表明系统满足能量守恒基本定律。研究了非线性转移项的物理学，以确定它们在产生能量级联中的作用（从主导不稳定波数转移能量和驱动不同尺度长度的不规则性）。验证了两步能量级联产生赤道电射流中3米等离子体不规则体的理论。此外，系统的非线性允许反向能量级联的可能性，负责在电射流的顶部产生大规模的等离子体结构。
英文摘要：
Progress in understanding the coupling between plasma instabilities in the equatorial electrojet based on a unified fluid model is reported. A deeper understanding of the linear and nonlinear evolution and the coupling of the gradient-drift and Farley-Buneman instabilities is achieved by studying the effect of different combinations of the density-gradient scale-lengths (Ln) and cross-field (E?B) drifts on the plasma turbulence. Mechanisms and channels of energy transfer are illucidated for these multiscale instabilities. Energy for the unified model is examined, including the injected, conservative redistribution (between fields and scales), and ultimate dissipation. Various physical mechanisms involved in the energetics are categorized as sources, sinks, nonlinear transfer, and coupling to show that the system satisfies the fundamental law of energy Oonservation. The physics of the nonlinear transfer terms is studied to identify their roles in producing energy cascades { the transference of energy from the dominant unstable wavenumbers and driving irregularities of different scale-lengths. The theory of two-step energy cascading to generate the 3-meter plasma irregularities in the equatorial electrojet is verified. In addition, the nonlinearity of the system allows the possibility for a reverse energy cascading, responsible for generating large-scale plasma structures at the top of the electrojet.
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