arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1602.08952cs.CLcs.LG
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语言形式和功能的循环神经网络表示

Representation of linguistic form and function in recurrent neural networks

Ákos Kádár, Grzegorz Chrupała, Afra Alishahi

摘要:

我们提出了从语言学角度分析RNN激活模式的新方法,并探索了它们学习的语言结构类型。作为一个案例研究,我们使用多任务门控递归网络架构,由两个并行的路径与共享的词嵌入训练预测的视觉场景的表示对应于输入的句子,并预测下一个词在同一个句子。基于我们提出的方法来估计输入中单个令牌对网络最终预测的贡献量,我们表明图像预测路径:a)对句子的信息结构敏感b)有选择地注意携带语义信息的词汇类别和语法功能c)学习根据其在句子中的语法功能来不同地对待相同的输入标记。相比之下,语言模型对具有句法功能的词相对更敏感。此外,我们还提出了一些方法来探索RNN中各个隐藏单元的功能,并表明我们案例研究中的架构的两条路径包含专门的单元,这些单元被调整到为任务提供信息的模式,其中一些可以将激活携带到稍后的时间步以编码长期依赖性。

英文摘要:

We present novel methods for analyzing the activation patterns of RNNs from a linguistic point of view and explore the types of linguistic structure they learn. As a case study, we use a multi-task gated recurrent network architecture consisting of two parallel pathways with shared word embeddings trained on predicting the representations of the visual scene corresponding to an input sentence, and predicting the next word in the same sentence. Based on our proposed method to estimate the amount of contribution of individual tokens in the input to the final prediction of the networks we show that the image prediction pathway: a) is sensitive to the information structure of the sentence b) pays selective attention to lexical categories and grammatical functions that carry semantic information c) learns to treat the same input token differently depending on its grammatical functions in the sentence. In contrast the language model is comparatively more sensitive to words with a syntactic function. Furthermore, we propose methods to ex- plore the function of individual hidden units in RNNs and show that the two pathways of the architecture in our case study contain specialized units tuned to patterns informative for the task, some of which can carry activations to later time steps to encode long-term dependencies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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