轴突膜骨架结构优化用于协调钠传播
Axon Membrane Skeleton Structure is Optimized for Coordinated Sodium Propagation
摘要：
轴突以高保真度和最小抖动传输动作电位。这种独特的能力可能是钠通道沿轴突的时空排列的结果。超分辨率显微镜最近发现，轴突膜骨架的结构是一系列的肌动蛋白环连接的血影蛋白丝，在熵张力下举行。钠通道也表现出周期性的分布模式，因为它们与锚蛋白G结合，锚蛋白G与血影蛋白结合。在这里，我们阐明轴突膜骨架结构和轴突的功能之间的关系。通过结合细胞骨架动力学和连续扩散模型，我们表明，紧张状态下的血影蛋白丝钠通道的热波动最小化，并防止相邻通道轨迹的重叠。重要的是，这种轴突骨架排列允许钠通道的高度可再现的带状激活，从而导致沿着轴突的协调钠传播。
英文摘要：
Axons transmit action potentials with high fidelity and minimal jitter. This unique capability is likely the result of the spatiotemporal arrangement of sodium channels along the axon. Super-resolution microscopy recently revealed that the axon membrane skeleton is structured as a series of actin rings connected by spectrin filaments that are held under entropic tension. Sodium channels also exhibit a periodic distribution pattern, as they bind to ankyrin G, which associates with spectrin. Here, we elucidate the relationship between the axon membrane skeleton structure and the function of the axon. By combining cytoskeletal dynamics and continuum diffusion modeling, we show that spectrin filaments under tension minimize the thermal fluctuations of sodium channels and prevent overlap of neighboring channel trajectories. Importantly, this axon skeletal arrangement allows for a highly reproducible band-like activation of sodium channels leading to coordinated sodium propagation along the axon.
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