arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1602.05348astro-ph.GA
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OH 18 cm跃迁作为分子云温度计

OH 18 cm Transition as a Thermometer for Molecular Clouds

Yuji Ebisawa, Hiroshi Inokuma, Nami Sakai, Karl M. Menten, Hiroyuki Maezawa, Satoshi Yamamoto

摘要:

我们用Effelsberg 100 m望远镜观测了Heiles云2以东的半透明云(HCL 2 E)、冷暗云L134 N和$ρ$ -蛇夫座分子云的光解离区的4个18 cm OH超精细成分。我们已经发现在所有三个区域的超精细分量之间的强度异常。特别地,在HCL 2 E和$ρ$ -蛇夫座分子云的两个位置探测到了1612 MHz卫星谱线对宇宙微波背景的吸收特征。在统计平衡计算的基础上,我们发现超精细异常起源于超精细能级的非LTE布居,并可用于确定H $_2$密度(10 $^2$ - 10 $^7$ cm $^{-3}$)范围内气体的动力学温度. HCL 2 E中心附近的气体动力学温度为53 $\pm$ 1 K,向云的外围逐渐升高($\sim$ 60 K)。根据8个位置的平均光谱,H $_2$的邻-对-比被确定为3.5 $\pm$ 0.9。在L134 N中,也看到朝向外围的类似温度升高。在$ρ$ -蛇夫座分子云中,气体动力学温度随与激发星HD 147889的距离而降低。这些结果表明,OH 18厘米线作为一个良好的温度计的分子云信封的一个新的方面。OH 18 cm线可用于追踪分子云周围的一类新的温暖分子气体,这类气体不能很好地通过CO及其同位素的发射来追踪。

英文摘要:

We have observed the four hyperfine components of the 18 cm OH transition toward the translucent cloud eastward of Heiles Cloud 2 (HCL2E), the cold dark cloud L134N, and the photodissociation region of the $ρ$-Ophiuchi molecular cloud with the Effelsberg 100 m telescope. We have found intensity anomalies amongst the hyperfine components in all three regions. In particular, an absorption feature of the 1612 MHz satellite line against the cosmic microwave background has been detected toward HCL2E and two positions of the $ρ$-Ophiuchi molecular cloud. On the basis of statistical equilibrium calculations, we find that the hyperfine anomalies originate from the non-LTE population of the hyperfine levels, and can be used to determine the kinetic temperature of the gas over a wide range of H$_2$ density (10$^2$ - 10$^7$ cm$^{-3}$). Toward the center of HCL2E, the gas kinetic temperature is determined to be 53$\pm$1 K, and it increases toward the cloud peripheries ($\sim$ 60 K). The ortho-to-para ratio of H$_2$ is determined to be 3.5 $\pm$ 0.9 from the averaged spectrum for the 8 positions. In L134N, a similar increase of the temperature is also seen toward the periphery. In the $ρ$-Ophiuchi molecular cloud, the gas kinetic temperature decreases as a function of the distance from the exciting star HD147889. These results demonstrate a new aspect of the OH 18 cm line as a good thermometer of molecular cloud envelopes. The OH 18 cm line can be used to trace a new class of warm molecular gas surrounding a molecular cloud, which is not well traced by emission of CO and its isotopologues.

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