MIDAS：从第一个星载原子力显微镜中吸取的经验教训
MIDAS: Lessons learned from the first spaceborne atomic force microscope
摘要：
罗塞塔轨道飞行器上的微成像尘埃分析系统（MIDAS）原子力显微镜（AFM）是2004年发射到太空的第一台此类仪器。MIDAS是在这项技术发明几年后设计的，目前正在绕彗星67 P Churyumov-Gerasimenko轨道运行，并制作有史以来最高分辨率的彗星尘埃3D图像。经过一年多的连续运行，这台新仪器已积累了许多经验。再加上飞行备件的操作和地面AFM的进步，一套“经验教训”已经产生，积累了未来星载原子力显微镜的建议。设计的大部分可以按原样重用，或者通过增量升级来包含更现代的组件（例如处理器）。关键的其他建议是结合光学显微镜，以帮助寻找颗粒和图像配准，包括各种杠杆（具有不同的弹性常数）和各种尖端几何形状。
英文摘要：
The Micro-Imaging Dust Analysis System (MIDAS) atomic force microscope (AFM) onboard the Rosetta orbiter was the first such instrument launched into space in 2004. Designed only a few years after the technique was invented, MIDAS is currently orbiting comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko and producing the highest resolution 3D images of cometary dust ever made in situ. After more than a year of continuous operation much experience has been gained with this novel instrument. Coupled with operations of the Flight Spare and advances in terrestrial AFM a set of "lessons learned" has been produced, cumulating in recommendations for future spaceborne atomic force microscopes. The majority of the design could be reused as-is, or with incremental upgrades to include more modern components (e.g. the processor). Key additional recommendations are to incorporate an optical microscope to aid the search for particles and image registration, to include a variety of cantilevers (with different spring constants) and a variety of tip geometries.
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