可激发单元复杂网络中多时空模式的自诱导切换
Self-induced switchings between multiple space-time patterns on complex networks of excitable units
摘要：
我们报告在空间扩展的可激发系统的动力学中的多个不同的空间-时间模式之间的自诱导切换。虽然系统是确定性的，但这些在低振幅振荡、非线性波和极端事件之间的转换非常类似于一个随机过程。我们表明，一个混乱的鞍-其中包含所有的模式，以及调解它们之间的过渡通道状结构-是这样的模式切换动力学的骨干。我们的分析表明，所观察到的现象的基本成分是，该系统的行为就像一个非均匀的振荡介质，能够自我生成的空间局域化的激发，这是占主导地位的短程连接，但也具有远程连接。通过我们的研究结果，我们提出了一种替代众所周知的方式来获得自诱导模式切换，即噪声诱导吸引子跳跃，异宿轨道，并适应外部信号。这种替代方法有望提高我们对空间扩展的自然动力系统（如大脑和心脏）中模式切换的理解。
英文摘要：
We report on self-induced switchings between multiple distinct space--time patterns in the dynamics of a spatially extended excitable system. These switchings between low-amplitude oscillations, nonlinear waves, and extreme events strongly resemble a random process, although the system is deterministic. We show that a chaotic saddle -- which contains all the patterns as well as channel-like structures that mediate the transitions between them -- is the backbone of such a pattern switching dynamics. Our analyses indicate that essential ingredients for the observed phenomena are that the system behaves like an inhomogeneous oscillatory medium that is capable of self-generating spatially localized excitations and that is dominated by short-range connections but also features long-range connections. With our findings, we present an alternative to the well-known ways to obtain self-induced pattern switching, namely noise-induced attractor hopping, heteroclinic orbits, and adaptation to an external signal. This alternative way can be expected to improve our understanding of pattern switchings in spatially extended natural dynamical systems like the brain and the heart.
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