用引力波检验爱因斯坦弱等效原理
Testing Einstein's Weak Equivalence Principle With Gravitational Waves
摘要：
在假设观测到的来自天文源的关联粒子之间的时间延迟由它们运动所通过的引力场决定的情况下，可以得到爱因斯坦弱等效原理（WEP）的保守约束。当前对WEP的限制主要基于观察到的具有不同能量的光子的时间延迟。非常需要开发包括引力波（GW）扇区的更精确的测试。先进的LIGO/VIRGO系统对引力波的探测将为约束WEP提供有吸引力的候选者，将测试扩展到引力相互作用，具有潜在的更高精度。考虑到先进的LIGO/VIRGO网络的能力和源方向的不确定性，我们表明，GWs和电磁信号的联合检测可以探测WEP的精度下降到$10^{-10}$，这是一个数量级比以前的限制，和7个数量级比多信使（光子和中微子）的超新星1987 A的结果更紧密。
英文摘要：
A conservative constraint on the Einstein Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) can be obtained under the assumption that the observed time delay between correlated particles from astronomical sources is dominated by the gravitational fields through which they move. Current limits on the WEP are mainly based on the observed time delays of photons with different energies. It is highly desirable to develop more accurate tests that include the gravitational wave (GW) sector. The detection by the advanced LIGO/VIRGO systems of gravitational waves will provide attractive candidates for constraining the WEP, extending the tests to gravitational interactions, with potentially higher accuracy. Considering the capabilities of the advanced LIGO/VIRGO network and the source direction uncertainty, we show that the joint detection of GWs and electromagnetic signals could probe the WEP to an accuracy down to $10^{-10}$, which is one order of magnitude tighter than previous limits, and seven orders of magnitude tighter than the multi-messenger (photons and neutrinos) results by supernova 1987A.
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