暗阳光：通过太阳暗光子探测暗物质
Dark Sunshine: Detecting Dark Matter through Dark Photons from the Sun
摘要：
暗物质可能通过暗光子$A'$与标准模型光子的动力学混合与标准模型相互作用。这样的暗物质会在太阳中积累并湮灭成暗光子。然后暗光子可能离开太阳，衰变成可以被阿尔法磁谱仪探测到的带电标准模型粒子对。这种“暗阳光”的方向性与所有天体物理背景都不同，这为AMS发现明确的暗物质提供了机会。我们执行一个完整的分析，这种情况下，包括索末菲增强的暗物质湮灭和太阳的磁场对信号的影响，我们定义了一组削减，以优化信号的概率。利用已经收集的三年数据，AMS可能会发现质量为1 TeV $\lesssim m_X \lesssim$ 10 TeV的暗物质，暗光子质量为$m_{A'} \sim \mathcal O(100)$ MeV，动力学混合参数为$10^{-10} \lesssim \varepsilon \lesssim 10^{-8}$。建议的搜索扩展到现有的束流收集器和超新星的界限，它是互补的直接检测，探测弹性暗物质的参数空间的同一区域，但可能远远超过在非弹性暗物质的情况下。
英文摘要：
Dark matter may interact with the Standard Model through the kinetic mixing of dark photons, $A'$, with Standard Model photons. Such dark matter will accumulate in the Sun and annihilate into dark photons. The dark photons may then leave the Sun and decay into pairs of charged Standard Model particles that can be detected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer. The directionality of this "dark sunshine" is distinct from all astrophysical backgrounds, providing an opportunity for unambiguous dark matter discovery by AMS. We perform a complete analysis of this scenario including Sommerfeld enhancements of dark matter annihilation and the effect of the Sun's magnetic field on the signal, and we define a set of cuts to optimize the signal probability. With the three years of data already collected, AMS may discover dark matter with mass 1 TeV $\lesssim m_X \lesssim$ 10 TeV, dark photon masses $m_{A'} \sim \mathcal O(100)$ MeV, and kinetic mixing parameters $10^{-10} \lesssim \varepsilon \lesssim 10^{-8}$. The proposed search extends beyond existing beam dump and supernova bounds, and it is complementary to direct detection, probing the same region of parameter space for elastic dark matter, but potentially far more in the case of inelastic dark matter.
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