定向流作为QCD物质物态方程最软点特征的检验
Examination of directed flow as a signature of the softest point of the equation of state in QCD matter
摘要：
本文利用微观输运模型分析了入射能量范围从$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle NN}}=7.7$到27 GeV的高能重离子碰撞中质子和π介子的定向流动。标准的强子输运方法不能描述低于$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle NN}}\simeq 20$ GeV的定向流的坍缩。相比之下，一个模型，模拟软化的状态方程的影响，以及描述最近获得的STAR合作~ \cite{STARv1}的定向流数据的行为。我们给出了一个详细的分析如何产生定向流。特别地，我们发现，软化的有效状态方程的重叠区域的两个核，即反应阶段，系统达到重子密度高的状态，是需要解释所观察到的质子定向流的强子输运方法内的崩溃。
英文摘要：
We analyze the directed flow of protons and pions in high-energy heavy-ion collisions in the incident energy range from $\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle NN}}=7.7$ to 27 GeV within a microscopic transport model. Standard hadronic transport approaches do not describe the collapse of directed flow below $\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle NN}}\simeq 20$ GeV. By contrast, a model which simulates effects of a softening of the equation of state, well describes the behavior of directed flow data recently obtained by the STAR Collaboration~\cite{STARv1}. We give a detailed analysis of how directed flow is generated. Particularly, we found that softening of effective equation of state at the overlapping region of two nuclei, i.e. the reaction stages where the system reaches high baryon density state, is needed to explain the observed collapse of proton directed flow within a hadronic transport approach.
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