用增强型低速强流原子源加载喷泉钟
Loading of a fountain clock with an enhanced Low-Velocity Intense Source of atoms
摘要：
我们提出了改进铯喷泉钟的光学糖蜜中的原子加载的实验工作，采用低速强原子源（LVIS）[Lu等人，物理修订信函77，3331（1996）]，我们通过添加“暗”态泵浦激光器对其进行了修改。通过这种修改，原子源在平均原子速度为$8.6$ m/s时具有平均通量为$4 \times 10^{8}$ atoms/s。与使用背景气体加载的喷泉操作相比，我们实现了40倍的加载和检测原子数的显着增加。在量子投影噪声受限的情况下，用探测到的原子总数$N_{\mathrm{at}}=2.9 \times 10^6$操作喷泉钟，证明了频率不稳定性$σ_y\left(1\text{s}\right)=2.7 \times 10^{-14}$。
英文摘要：
We present experimental work for improved atom loading in the optical molasses of a caesium fountain clock, employing a low-velocity intense source of atoms (LVIS) [Lu et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3331 (1996)], which we modified by adding a "dark" state pump laser. With this modification the atom source has a mean flux of $4 \times 10^{8}$ atoms/s at a mean atom velocity of $8.6$ m/s. Compared to fountain operation using background gas loading, we achieved a significant increase of the loaded and detected atom number by a factor of 40. Operating the fountain clock with a total number of detected atoms $N_{\mathrm{at}}=2.9 \times 10^6$ in the quantum projection noise-limited regime, a frequency instability $σ_y\left(1\text{s}\right)=2.7 \times 10^{-14}$ was demonstrated.
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