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arXiv 1601.04559astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phnucl-th
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中子星中夸克物质成核及其天体物理意义

Quark matter nucleation in neutron stars and astrophysical implications

Ignazio Bombaci, Domenico Logoteta, Isaac Vidana, Constanca Providencia

摘要:

在大质量中子星的核心中,物质与退禁闭夸克的强相互作用相被认为是存在的。本文研究了冷(T = 0)和热β稳定强子物质中夸克解除禁闭的相变。假设一级相变,我们计算和比较的成核速率和成核时间,由于量子和热成核机制。我们证明了在中心压力的阈值以上,纯强子星(HS)(即不含非限定夸克物质的致密星)是亚稳态的,可以转化为夸克星(QS)(即混合星或奇异星).这个过程释放出巨大的能量,数量级为10 ^{53}尔格,这会导致一个强大的中微子爆发,可能伴随着强烈的引力波发射,也可能是第二次延迟(相对于形成HS的超新星爆炸)爆炸,这可能是强大的伽马射线暴(GRB)的能量来源。这种恒星转换过程构成了致密星的QS分支,因此宇宙中有两个共存的致密星家族:纯强子星和夸克星。介绍了冷HS星和原强子星的临界质量M_{cr}概念和原强子星的极限转换温度概念。我们发现,质量M <M_{cr}的PHSs可以在其演化的早期阶段存活下来,而不会衰变为QSs。最后,我们讨论了原强子星的可能演化路径。

英文摘要:

A phase of strong interacting matter with deconfined quarks is expected in the core of massive neutron stars. We investigate the quark deconfinement phase transition in cold (T = 0) and hot beta-stable hadronic matter. Assuming a first order phase transition, we calculate and compare the nucleation rate and the nucleation time due to quantum and thermal nucleation mechanisms. We show that above a threshold value of the central pressure a pure hadronic star (HS) (i.e. a compact star with no fraction of deconfined quark matter) is metastable to the conversion to a quark star (QS) (i.e. a hybrid star or a strange star). This process liberates an enormous amount of energy, of the order of 10^{53}~erg, which causes a powerful neutrino burst, likely accompanied by intense gravitational waves emission, and possibly by a second delayed (with respect to the supernova explosion forming the HS) explosion which could be the energy source of a powerful gamma-ray burst (GRB). This stellar conversion process populates the QS branch of compact stars, thus one has in the Universe two coexisting families of compact stars: pure hadronic stars and quark stars. We introduce the concept of critical mass M_{cr} for cold HSs and proto-hadronic stars (PHSs), and the concept of limiting conversion temperature for PHSs. We show that PHSs with a mass M < M_{cr} could survive the early stages of their evolution without decaying to QSs. Finally, we discuss the possible evolutionary paths of proto-hadronic stars.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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