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arXiv 1601.02709q-bio.NCmath.DS
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简单V1脉冲模型中的动态信号跟踪

Dynamic signal tracking in a simple V1 spiking model

Guillaume Lajoie, Lai-Sang Young

摘要:

这项工作是为了理解我们的视觉系统准确跟踪移动视觉信号的能力或失败的神经基础。我们在这里考虑一个环形模型的尖峰神经元,旨在作为一个简化的计算模型的一个单一的超柱的初级视觉皮层。被认为是由在空间中定位的随时间变化的方向的边缘的信号。我们的模型被校准以产生与实验大致一致的自发和驱动放电率,我们的两个主要发现,我们在神经元相互作用的水平上提供动力学解释,如下所示:(1)我们已经记录了由于E-和I-群体的紧急相互作用而引起的信号切换后信号感知中的一致瞬态过冲,以及(2)对于连续移动的信号,我们已经发现,与在相同方向上继续时(如当信号是旋转条时)相比,在反向定向时的精度显著降低。为了衡量性能,我们使用两个指标,称为保真度和可靠性,比较系统重建的信号,并评估试验间的变异性。我们建议,同样的人口机制负责方向选择性也施加约束的动态信号跟踪,表现在感知失败与心理物理学观察一致。

英文摘要:

This work is part of an effort to understand the neural basis for our visual system's ability, or failure, to accurately track moving visual signals. We consider here a ring model of spiking neurons, intended as a simplified computational model of a single hypercolumn of the primary visual cortex. Signals that consist of edges with time-varying orientations localized in space are considered. Our model is calibrated to produce spontaneous and driven firing rates roughly consistent with experiments, and our two main findings, for which we offer dynamical explanation on the level of neuronal interactions, are the following: (1) We have documented consistent transient overshoots in signal perception following signal switches due to emergent interactions of the E- and I-populations, and (2) for continuously moving signals, we have found that accuracy is considerably lower at reversals of orientation than when continuing in the same direction (as when the signal is a rotating bar). To measure performance, we use two metrics, called fidelity and reliability, to compare signals reconstructed by the system to the ones presented, and to assess trial-to-trial variability. We propose that the same population mechanisms responsible for orientation selectivity also impose constraints on dynamic signal tracking that manifest in perception failures consistent with psychophysical observations.

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