拓扑绝缘体表面态的经典电磁模型
Classical electromagnetic model of surface states in topological insulators
摘要：
拓扑绝缘体被经典地建模为各向同性的介电-磁性体，其体块中存在磁电赝标量$Ψ$，而其表面是无电荷和无电流的。通过设置$Ψ\equiv0$并结合由导纳$γ$表征的表面电荷和电流密度来获得替代模型。对拓扑绝缘体半空间中平面波反射和折射的分析表明，反射系数和透射系数中的参数$Ψ$和$γ$相同，这意味着这两种经典模型在任何散射情况下都不能区分。然而，由于$Ψ$从适用于拓扑绝缘体所占据的任何区域的麦克斯韦方程组中消失，并且由于表面态作为受保护的导电态存在于拓扑绝缘体上，因此必须选择替代模型。
英文摘要：
A topological insulator is classically modeled as an isotropic dielectric-magnetic with a magnetoelectric pseudoscalar $Ψ$ existing in its bulk while its surface is charge-free and current-free. An alternative model is obtained by setting $Ψ\equiv0$ and incorporating surface charge and current densities characterized by an admittance $γ$. Analysis of plane-wave reflection and refraction due to a topological-insulator half space reveals that the parameters $Ψ$ and $γ$ arise identically in the reflection and transmission coefficients, implying that the two classical models cannot be distinguished on the basis of any scattering scenario. However, as $Ψ$ disappears from the Maxwell equations applicable to any region occupied by the topological insulator, and because surface states exist on topological insulators as protected conducting states, the alternative model must be chosen.
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