中和漂移压缩实验中的短脉冲压缩离子束
Short-Pulse, Compressed Ion Beams at the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment
摘要：
我们已经开始实验，强烈的短脉冲离子束的中和漂移压缩实验（NDCX-II）在劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室，1毫米的束斑尺寸在2.5纳秒半高全宽。离子的动能为1.2 MeV。为了实现短脉冲持续时间和毫米级焦斑半径，光束在最后一个加速器单元之后的1.5米长的漂移压缩部分中被中和。短焦距螺线管在靶附近存在体积等离子体的情况下聚焦射束。在加速器中，线电荷密度由于施加在束团上的速度斜坡而增加。将探讨的科学课题是热的致密物质、材料中辐射损伤的动力学、强束和束等离子体物理，包括与开发惯性聚变能重离子驱动器有关的选定课题。在向熔化转变的过程中，短束脉冲提供了一个机会，可以通过泵-探测实验研究材料中辐射诱导损伤的多尺度动力学，并在短脉冲加热后快速淬火时稳定材料的新型亚稳相。第一个实验使用锂离子源;一个新的等离子体氦离子源显示出更大的电荷传递到目标。
英文摘要：
We have commenced experiments with intense short pulses of ion beams on the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX-II) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, with 1-mm beam spot size within 2.5 ns full-width at half maximum. The ion kinetic energy is 1.2 MeV. To enable the short pulse duration and mm-scale focal spot radius, the beam is neutralized in a 1.5-meter-long drift compression section following the last accelerator cell. A short-focal-length solenoid focuses the beam in the presence of the volumetric plasma that is near the target. In the accelerator, the line-charge density increases due to the velocity ramp imparted on the beam bunch. The scientific topics to be explored are warm dense matter, the dynamics of radiation damage in materials, and intense beam and beam-plasma physics including select topics of relevance to the development of heavy-ion drivers for inertial fusion energy. Below the transition to melting, the short beam pulses offer an opportunity to study the multi-scale dynamics of radiation-induced damage in materials with pump-probe experiments, and to stabilize novel metastable phases of materials when short-pulse heating is followed by rapid quenching. First experiments used a lithium ion source; a new plasma-based helium ion source shows much greater charge delivered to the target.
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