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间接暗物质散射的领先QCD修正：新的面貌

Leading QCD Corrections for Indirect Dark Matter Searches: a Fresh Look

Torsten Bringmann, Ahmad J. Galea, Parampreet Walia

备注：
23 pages revtex. Including Appendix, 17 figures and 4 tables. Improved discussion, and comparison to literature, of our implementation of QCD corrections in the simplified model. Further minor corrections to match published version
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. D 93, 043529 (2016)
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摘要：

非相对论性暗物质粒子在树能级上的湮灭可以通过附加规范玻色子的辐射得到强烈的增强。这对于螺旋度被抑制的马约拉纳粒子（如中性伴子）湮灭为费米子对的情况尤其如此。令人惊讶的是，尽管强耦合可能会产生很大的影响，但到目前为止，对胶子内部韧致辐射的研究要比对光子或电弱规范玻色子的研究少得多。在这里，我们的目标是弥合这一差距，提出了一个一般的分析，中性伴子湮灭成夸克反夸克对和胶子，允许例如任意中性伴子组成，并保持领先的夸克质量依赖在计算的所有阶段。我们发现，在某些情况下，大大增强湮灭率，特别是与最轻的中性伴子的质量接近简并的平方的情况下，但在相关的反质子和伽马射线光谱也显着的扭曲。这两种效应都极大地影响了对暗物质的间接搜索的限制，因此在例如，全球扫描另一方面，对于广泛的扫描，QCD修正的完整计算在数值上通常太昂贵，无法对参数空间中的每个点执行。我们在这里首次提出了一个有效的，数值上快速实现QCD校正，可扩展的非超对称模型，这避免了计算上要求完整的单循环计算或事件发生器运行，但完全捕捉到间接暗物质搜索相关的领先效应。在这种情况下，我们还提出了更新的约束暗物质湮灭从宇宙射线反质子数据。最后，我们评论的影响，我们的研究结果的遗迹密度计算。

英文摘要：

The annihilation of non-relativistic dark matter particles at tree level can be strongly enhanced by the radiation of an additional gauge boson. This is particularly true for the helicity-suppressed annihilation of Majorana particles, like neutralinos, into fermion pairs. Surprisingly, and despite the potentially large effect due to the strong coupling, this has so far been studied in much less detail for the internal bremsstrahlung of gluons than for photons or electroweak gauge bosons. Here, we aim at bridging that gap by presenting a general analysis of neutralino annihilation into quark anti-quark pairs and a gluon, allowing e.g. for arbitrary neutralino compositions and keeping the leading quark mass dependence at all stages in the calculation. We find in some cases largely enhanced annihilation rates, especially for scenarios with squarks being close to degenerate in mass with the lightest neutralino, but also notable distortions in the associated antiproton and gamma-ray spectra. Both effects significantly impact limits from indirect searches for dark matter and are thus important to be taken into account in, e.g., global scans. For extensive scans, on the other hand, full calculations of QCD corrections are numerically typically too expensive to perform for each point in parameter space. We present here for the first time an efficient, numerically fast implementation of QCD corrections, extendable in a straight-forward way to non-supersymmetric models, which avoids computationally demanding full one-loop calculations or event generator runs and yet fully captures the leading effects relevant for indirect dark matter searches. In this context, we also present updated constraints on dark matter annihilation from cosmic-ray antiproton data. Finally, we comment on the impact of our results on relic density calculations.

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