外电磁场中的复合矢量粒子
Composite Vector Particles in External Electromagnetic Fields
摘要：
用晶格量子色动力学（QCD）方法研究强子和轻核的电磁性质，如磁矩和极化率，已被证明是成功的。利用非均匀背景电磁场的实现，可以额外地获得诸如电荷半径和更高的电磁多极矩（对于更高自旋的状态）的性质。这可以通过将格点量子色动力学计算与相应的低能有效理论相匹配来实现，低能有效理论描述了强子和原子核对弱外场的静态和准静态响应。特别感兴趣的情况下，矢量介子和自旋为1的核，如氘核，我们提出了一个有效场论自旋为1的粒子耦合到外部电磁场。为了约束复合自旋1场的电荷半径和电四极矩，在有效理论范围内得到了空间线性变化电场中的单粒子格林函数，给出了直接与格点量子色动力学关联函数匹配的显式表达式.讨论了从即将到来的格点量子色动力学计算中提取氘的电荷半径和电四极矩的可行性。
英文摘要：
Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) studies of electromagnetic properties of hadrons and light nuclei, such as magnetic moments and polarizabilities, have proven successful with the use of background field methods. With an implementation of nonuniform background electromagnetic fields, properties such as charge radii and higher electromagnetic multipole moments (for states of higher spin) can be additionally obtained. This can be achieved by matching lattice QCD calculations to a corresponding low-energy effective theory that describes the static and quasi-static response of hadrons and nuclei to weak external fields. With particular interest in the case of vector mesons and spin-1 nuclei such as the deuteron, we present an effective field theory of spin-1 particles coupled to external electromagnetic fields. To constrain the charge radius and the electric quadrupole moment of the composite spin-1 field, the single-particle Green's functions in a linearly varying electric field in space are obtained within the effective theory, providing explicit expressions that can be used to match directly onto lattice QCD correlation functions. The viability of an extraction of the charge radius and the electric quadrupole moment of the deuteron from the upcoming lattice QCD calculations of this nucleus is discussed.
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