用超新星（反）中微子诱导反应求解中微子质量体系的混合方法
Hybrid method to resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy by supernova (anti)neutrino induced reactions
摘要：
我们介绍了一种混合的方法来确定中微子质量的层次结构，同时测量至少两个探测器的反中微子和中微子通量的吸积和冷却阶段的核心坍缩超新星的响应。在相对论核能密度泛函和弱相互作用哈密顿量的框架下计算了$^{56}$ Fe和$^{208}$ Pb的（反）中微子-核散射截面，而在自由质子$\mathrm{p}(\barν_\mathrm{e},\mathrm{e}^{+})\mathrm{n}$上的非弹性散射截面则用重子手征微扰理论计算.核心坍缩超新星中的质子中子星发射的（反）中微子通量的模型包括爆炸恒星内部的集体效应和Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein效应。计算了正常中微子和反转中微子质量等级的子核基元衰变模的粒子发射率。结果表明，同时使用（反）中微子探测器与不同的目标材料允许确定中微子质量层次的比例$ν_\mathrm{e}$和$\barν_\mathrm{e}$诱导的粒子发射。这种混合方法有利于从超新星冷却阶段的中微子和较重的目标核（$^{208}$铅）的中微子部门的检测器的实施，而反中微子的使用在矿物油或水的自由质子是适当的选择。
英文摘要：
We introduce a hybrid method to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy by simultaneous measurements of responses of at least two detectors to antineutrino and neutrino fluxes from accretion and cooling phases of core-collapse supernovae. The (anti)neutrino-nucleus cross sections for $^{56}$Fe and $^{208}$Pb are calculated in the framework of the relativistic nuclear energy density functional and weak interaction Hamiltonian, while the cross sections for inelastic scattering on free protons $\mathrm{p}(\barν_\mathrm{e},\mathrm{e}^{+})\mathrm{n}$ are obtained using heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. The modelling of (anti)neutrino fluxes emitted from a protoneutron star in a core-collapse supernova include collective and Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effects inside the exploding star. The particle emission rates from the elementary decay modes of the daughter nuclei are calculated for normal and inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. It is shown that simultaneous use of (anti)neutrino detectors with different target material allows to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy from the ratios of $ν_\mathrm{e}$- and $\barν_\mathrm{e}$-induced particle emissions. This hybrid method favors neutrinos from the supernova cooling phase and the implementation of detectors with heavier target nuclei ($^{208}$Pb) for the neutrino sector, while for antineutrinos the use of free protons in mineral oil or water is the appropriate choice.
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