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arXiv 1509.02154cs.RO
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仅使用陀螺仪和距离传感器的差动轮式机器人自标定

Self-calibration of a differential wheeled robot using only a gyroscope and a distance sensor

Imperial College London(伦敦帝国理工学院)

Carlos Garcia-Saura

摘要:

移动机器人的研究通常要求平台在成本和可靠性之间具有足够的平衡。在地面机器人的情况下,一个可用的选项是GNBot,一个开放的硬件项目,旨在评估群搜索策略。由于缺乏基本的里程传感器,如车轮编码器,到目前为止,难以在该平台上实现精确的高级控制器。因此,本论文的目的是改善GNBot的运动控制,结合陀螺仪,同时保持必要的无轮编码器。已经解决的问题包括:精确的原地旋转,线性运动期间的最小漂移,以及弧执行功能。此外,所得到的控制器通过使用每个机器人上的陀螺仪模块和红外测距仪进行自主校准,大大简化了大群的校准。该报告首先解释了为了实现自校准例程而做出的设计决策,然后通过离线视频跟踪来评估新运动控制器的性能。新的控制器的运动精度进行了比较,与以前现有的解决方案在气味搜索实验。

英文摘要:

Research in mobile robotics often demands platforms that have an adequate balance between cost and reliability. In the case of terrestrial robots, one of the available options is the GNBot, an open-hardware project intended for the evaluation of swarm search strategies. The lack of basic odometry sensors such as wheel encoders had so far difficulted the implementation of an accurate high-level controller in this platform. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to improve motion control in the GNBot by incorporating a gyroscope whilst maintaining the requisite of no wheel encoders. Among the problems that have been tackled are: accurate in-place rotations, minimal drift during linear motions, and arc-performing functionality. Additionally, the resulting controller is calibrated autonomously by using both the gyroscope module and the infrared rangefinder on board each robot, greatly simplifying the calibration of large swarms. The report first explains the design decisions that were made in order to implement the self-calibration routine, and then evaluates the performance of the new motion controller by means of off-line video tracking. The motion accuracy of the new controller is also compared with the previously existing solution in an odor search experiment.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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