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arXiv 1508.04795astro-ph.EP
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用Keck光谱分辨线阵观测揭示的木星深云结构

Jupiter's Deep Cloud Structure Revealed Using Keck Observations of Spectrally Resolved Line Shapes

G. L. Bjoraker, M. H. Wong, I. de Pater, M. Ádámkovics

摘要:

技术:我们提出了一种方法来确定木星上2到6巴之间存在显着云不透明度的压力。我们用途:a)在一个区域中的夫琅和费吸收线的强度,以确定反射的阳光与热发射的比率,和b)在4.66微米处的氘代甲烷(CH 3D)的压力加宽的线轮廓,以确定云的位置。我们使用辐射转移模型来约束木星5微米光谱的太阳和热分量的高度区域。结果如下:几乎在木星的所有纬度上,热分量都足够大,即使有上层云存在,也足以限制深云的结构。我们发现,热点,带,高纬度地区有更广泛的线剖面比区。辐射转移模型表明,北赤道带和南赤道带(NEB、SEB)的热点在压力大于2巴时通常没有不透明云。南纬32度的南热带地区(STZ)有一个4到5巴之间的不透明云顶。从热化学模型来看,这一定是水云。我们测量了CH3D的等效宽度随纬度的变化,并与木星的带状结构进行了比较。我们还限制了SEB热点和STZ中的水的垂直剖面。对于P<4.5巴,热点非常干燥,然后遵循伽利略探测器观察到的水分布。STZ在其云顶上方的饱和水剖面在4至5巴之间。

英文摘要:

Technique: We present a method to determine the pressure at which significant cloud opacity is present between 2 and 6 bars on Jupiter. We use: a) the strength of a Fraunhofer absorption line in a zone to determine the ratio of reflected sunlight to thermal emission, and b) pressure-broadened line profiles of deuterated methane (CH3D) at 4.66 microns to determine the location of clouds. We use radiative transfer models to constrain the altitude region of both the solar and thermal components of Jupiter's 5-micron spectrum. Results: For nearly all latitudes on Jupiter the thermal component is large enough to constrain the deep cloud structure even when upper clouds are present. We find that Hot Spots, belts, and high latitudes have broader line profiles than do zones. Radiative transfer models show that Hot Spots in the North and South Equatorial Belts (NEB, SEB) typically do not have opaque clouds at pressures greater than 2 bars. The South Tropical Zone (STZ) at 32 degrees S has an opaque cloud top between 4 and 5 bars. From thermochemical models this must be a water cloud. We measured the variation of the equivalent width of CH3D with latitude for comparison with Jupiter's belt-zone structure. We also constrained the vertical profile of water in an SEB Hot Spot and in the STZ. The Hot Spot is very dry for P<4.5 bars and then follows the water profile observed by the Galileo Probe. The STZ has a saturated water profile above its cloud top between 4 and 5 bars.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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