空间天气的社会经济危害和影响：介于轻度和极端之间的重要范围
Socio-economic hazards and impacts of space weather: the important range between mild and extreme
摘要：
社会需要为比现代技术时代更严重的空间天气做好准备。为了实现这一点，我们必须量化极端事件的特征，并分析频繁但足够严重的较小事件的影响。探索性研究表明，百年一遇的空间飓风和百年一遇的较小空间气象“大风”的经济影响可能具有相同的量级。有效减缓空间大风影响的经济效益可能大大超过所需的投资，即使这些投资为防备可能发生的最严重风暴提供了宝贵的信息。
英文摘要：
Society needs to prepare for more severe space weather than it has experienced in the modern technological era. To enable that, we must both quantify extreme-event characteristics and analyze impacts of lesser events that are frequent yet severe enough to be informative. Exploratory studies suggest that economic impacts of a century-level space hurricane and of a century of lesser space-weather "gales" may turn out to be of the same order of magnitude. The economic benefits of effective mitigation of the impacts of space gales may substantially exceed the required investments, even as these investments provide valuable information to prepare for the worst possible storms.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
