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人马座II、天龙座II和Laevens 3：在Pan-STARRS 1 3 pi巡天中发现的三颗新的Milky Way卫星

Sagittarius II, Draco II and Laevens 3: three new Milky Way satellites discovered in the Pan-STARRS 1 3pi Survey

Benjamin P. M. Laevens, Nicolas F. Martin, Edouard J. Bernard, Edward F. Schlafly, Branimir Sesar, Hans-Walter Rix, Eric F. Bell, Annette M. N. Ferguson, Colin … 展开作者

Benjamin P. M. Laevens, Nicolas F. Martin, Edouard J. Bernard, Edward F. Schlafly, Branimir Sesar, Hans-Walter Rix, Eric F. Bell, Annette M. N. Ferguson, Colin T. Slater, William E. Sweeney, Rosemary F. G. Wyse, Avon P. Huxor, William S. Burgett, Kenneth C. Chambers, Peter W. Draper, Eugene A. Magnier, Nigel Metcalfe, John L. Tonry, Richard J. Wainscoat, Christopher Waters

备注：
Published in ApJ
发表信息：
ApJ, 813, 44, 2015
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摘要：

我们提出了三个新的银河系卫星的发现，从我们的搜索紧凑的恒星超密度在光度表的全景巡天望远镜和快速响应系统1（泛星1，或PS1）3 PI调查。第一颗卫星Laevens 3位于日心距离d=67+/-3千秒差距。它的总星等为Mv=-4.4+/-0.3，半光半径rh=7+/-2 pc，其性质类似于外晕球状星团。第二个系统是天龙座II/莱温斯4（Dra II），是一个较近较暗的卫星（d~20 kpc，Mv =-2.9+/-0.8），其不确定的大小（rh = 19 +8/-6 pc）使其在没有运动学信息的情况下很难分类;它可能是一个暗淡而延伸的球状星团，也可能是一个暗淡而致密的矮星系。第三颗卫星是人马座II/Laevens 5（Sgr II），它的性质不确定，因为它要么是最紧凑的矮星系，要么是光度范围内最大的球状星团（rh = 37 + 9/-8 pc，Mv=-5.2+/-0.4）。在67+/-5 kpc的日心距离，这颗卫星非常接近人马座矮球状星系（Sgr dSph）后面人马座恒星流的拖曳臂的预期位置。如果通过光谱学的后续研究得到证实，这种联系将定位到人马座恒星流的这部分拖曳臂，这部分到目前为止还没有被发现。这进一步表明，Sgr II是作为Sgr dSph的卫星被带入银河系晕的。

英文摘要：

We present the discovery of three new Milky Way satellites from our search for compact stellar overdensities in the photometric catalog of the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System 1 (Pan-STARRS 1, or PS1) 3pi survey. The first satellite, Laevens 3, is located at a heliocentric distance of d=67+/-3 kpc. With a total magnitude of Mv=-4.4+/-0.3 and a half-light radius rh=7+/-2 pc, its properties resemble those of outer halo globular clusters. The second system, Draco II/Laevens 4 (Dra II), is a closer and fainter satellite (d~20 kpc, Mv =-2.9+/-0.8), whose uncertain size (rh = 19 +8/-6 pc) renders its classification difficult without kinematic information; it could either be a faint and extended globular cluster or a faint and compact dwarf galaxy. The third satellite, Sagittarius II/Laevens 5 (Sgr II), has an ambiguous nature as it is either the most compact dwarf galaxy or the most extended globular cluster in its luminosity range (rh = 37 +9/-8 pc and Mv=-5.2+/-0.4). At a heliocentric distance of 67+/-5 kpc, this satellite lies intriguingly close to the expected location of the trailing arm of the Sagittarius stellar stream behind the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Sgr dSph). If confirmed through spectroscopic follow up, this connection would locate this part of the trailing arm of the Sagittarius stellar stream that has so far gone undetected. It would further suggest that Sgr II was brought into the Milky Way halo as a satellite of the Sgr dSph.

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