密集的暗物质从地球、木星和其他致密天体中扩散出来
Dense Dark Matter Hairs Spreading Out from Earth, Jupiter and Other Compact Bodies
摘要：
研究表明，致密的天体向外投射出一束束浓缩的暗物质细丝，此后简称为“毛发”。这些毛发是暗物质晕的细粒流结构的结果，因此构成了$Λ$ CDM的新物理预测。使用行星密度的分析模型和利用快速精确被积函数重正化（FAIR）算法（下面描述的快速测地线计算器）与现实的行星密度输入的数值模拟，暗物质流移动通过致密体显示产生极大放大的暗物质密度沿流速度轴穿过身体的中心。典型的头发密度增强是地球的$10^7$和木星的$10^8$。最大的增强发生在流经身体核心的粒子上，这些粒子主要集中在一个称为头发根部的点上。对于地球来说，根位于距离行星中心约$10^6$ ~km处，密度增强约为$10^9$，而对于像木星这样的气体巨星，根位于$10^{5}$ ~km处，密度增强约为$10^{11}$。在根部之外，头发的密度精确地反映了身体的密度层，提供了对行星内部的直接探测。
英文摘要：
It is shown that compact bodies project out strands of concentrated dark matter filaments henceforth simply called hairs. These hairs are a consequence of the fine-grained stream structure of dark matter halos, and as such constitute a new physical prediction of $Λ$CDM. Using both an analytical model of planetary density and numerical simulations utilizing the Fast Accurate Integrand Renormalization (FAIR) algorithm (a fast geodesics calculator described below) with realistic planetary density inputs, dark matter streams moving through a compact body are shown to produce hugely magnified dark matter densities along the stream velocity axis going through the center of the body. Typical hair density enhancements are $10^7$ for Earth and $10^8$ for Jupiter. The largest enhancements occur for particles streaming through the core of the body that mostly focus at a single point called the root of the hair. For the Earth, the root is located at about $10^6$~km from the planetary center with a density enhancement of around $10^9$ while for a gas giant like Jupiter, the root is located at around $10^{5}$~km with a enhancement of around $10^{11}$. Beyond the root, the hair density precisely reflects the density layers of the body providing a direct probe of planetary interiors.
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