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arXiv 1507.05693astro-ph.GA
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四重成像引力透镜系统和亚结构星系的无模型分析

Model-free analysis of quadruply imaged gravitationally lensed systems and substructured galaxies

Addishiwot G. Woldesenbet, Liliya L. R. Williams

摘要:

多重图像引力透镜系统,特别是四边形,在确定星系质量的数量和分布方面是非常宝贵的。这通常通过使用参数化或自由形式方法的体量建模来完成。提取关于透镜质量分布的信息的另一种方式是使用透镜简并和不变量。在适用的情况下,它们允许人们在没有模型拟合的情况下得出关于整个镜片类别的结论。在这里,我们使用近似的,但观察上有用的不变量形成的三个相对极角的四边形图像周围的镜头中心,以表明许多光滑的椭圆+剪切镜头可以重现相同的一组四像角的观测误差。这一结果使我们能够以无模型的方式显示一般类型的光滑椭圆+剪切透镜在图像相对角度的三维(3D)空间中的样子,并且这种分布与观察到的四边形不匹配。我们的结论是,即使光滑的椭圆+剪切透镜可以复制个人的四,他们不能复制的四人口。很可能需要的是子结构,其质量大于那些导致quads中通量比异常的质量,或者明亮或黑暗的邻近扰动星系。

英文摘要:

Multiple image gravitational lens systems, and especially quads are invaluable in determining the amount and distribution of mass in galaxies. This is usually done by mass modeling using parametric or free-form methods. An alternative way of extracting information about lens mass distribution is to use lensing degeneracies and invariants. Where applicable, they allow one to make conclusions about whole classes of lenses without model fitting. Here, we use approximate, but observationally useful invariants formed by the three relative polar angles of quad images around the lens center to show that many smooth elliptical+shear lenses can reproduce the same set of quad image angles within observational error. This result allows us to show in a model-free way what the general class of smooth elliptical+shear lenses looks like in the three dimensional (3D) space of image relative angles, and that this distribution does not match that of the observed quads. We conclude that, even though smooth elliptical+shear lenses can reproduce individual quads, they cannot reproduce the quad population. What is likely needed is substructure, with clump masses larger than those responsible for flux ratio anomalies in quads, or luminous or dark nearby perturber galaxies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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