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arXiv 1507.05484math.CO
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标号树与映射的递归

Runs in labelled trees and mappings

Marie-Louise Lackner, Alois Panholzer

摘要:

我们将升运行和降运行的概念从置换推广到有根标记树和映射,即,从集合$\{1, \dots, n\}$到自身的函数。相应的功能有向图的组合分解与生成函数的方法,使我们能够进行联合研究的上升和下降运行标记树和映射,分别。从各自生成函数的给定特征,我们可以推导出这些量的二元中心极限定理。此外,对于上升运行(或下降运行),我们得到明确的枚举公式显示连接到第二类斯特林数。我们还给出了建立这种关系的双射证明,并进一步说明了映射和标记树之间的双射连接两种结构中的数量。

英文摘要:

We generalize the concept of ascending and descending runs from permutations to rooted labelled trees and mappings, i.e., functions from the set $\{1, \dots, n\}$ into itself. A combinatorial decomposition of the corresponding functional digraph together with a generating functions approach allows us to perform a joint study of ascending and descending runs in labelled trees and mappings, respectively. From the given characterization of the respective generating functions we can deduce bivariate central limit theorems for these quantities. Furthermore, for ascending runs (or descending runs) we gain explicit enumeration formulae showing a connection to Stirling numbers of the second kind. We also give a bijective proof establishing this relation, and further state a bijection between mappings and labelled trees connecting the quantities in both structures.

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