γ Rossi-alpha、Feynman-alpha和γ微分消失概念作为安全保障中传统热中子分析的潜在替代/补充
Gamma Rossi-alpha, Feynman-alpha and Gamma Differential Die-Away concepts as a potential alternative/complement to the traditional thermal neutron based analysis in Safeguards
摘要：
本文提出了一种基于热中子相关和多重数测量的新概念。该概念的主要思想包括使用源自1H（n，gamma）2D反应的2.223 MeV伽马（或1.201 MeV，DE），而不是使用传统的热中子计数。本文的研究结果表明，热中子俘获反应产生的γ射线在同一时间尺度上保留了热（快）中子的相关特性信息。因此，代替热中子探测器（或作为补充），可以使用传统且廉价的伽马探测器，诸如NaI、BGO、CdZnTe或任何其他伽马探测器。在这项工作中，我们使用D8 × 8 cm 2碘化钠闪烁体来测试的概念。因此，新方法有助于解决更换3 He计数器的问题以及与直接在乏燃料池中的乏核燃料的具体测量有关的问题。它对核保障和核安全特别重要。总的来说，这项工作代表了概念研究的证明，并报告了热中子俘获伽玛可用于相关性和多重性测量的实验和数值证据。对252 Cf相关中子源和241 Am-Be随机中子源进行了研究。本文还对Gamma微分消失方法的相关思想进行了数值研究，并将在未来的工作中进行实验验证。
英文摘要：
A new concept for thermal neutron based correlation and multiplicity measurements is proposed in this paper. The main idea of the concept consists of using 2.223 MeV gammas (or 1.201 MeV, DE) originating in the 1H(n,gamma)2D-reaction instead of using traditional thermal neutron counting. Results of investigations presented in this paper indicate that gammas from thermal neutron capture reaction preserve the information about the correlation characteristics of thermal (fast) neutrons in the same time scale. Therefore, instead of thermal neutron detectors (or as a complement) one may use traditional and inexpensive gamma detectors, such NaI, BGO, CdZnTe or any other gamma detectors. In this work we used D8x8 cm2 NaI scintillator to test the concept. Thus, the new approach helps to address the problem of replacement of 3He-counters and problems related to the specific measurements of spent nuclear fuel directly in the spent fuel pool. It has a particular importance for nuclear safeguards and security. Overall, this work represents the proof of concept study and reports on the experimental and numerical evidence that thermal neutron capture gammas may be used in the context of correlation and multiplicity measurements. Investigations were performed for a 252Cf-correlated neutron source and an 241Am-Be-random neutron source. The related idea of Gamma Differential Die-Away approach is investigated numerically in this paper as well, and will be tested experimentally in a future work.
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