We describe a new mm-wave molecular-line mapping survey of the southern Galactic Plane and its first data releases. The Three-mm Ultimate Mopra Milky Way Survey (ThrUMMS) maps a 60°x2° sector of our Galaxy's fourth quadrant, using a combination of fast mapping techniques with the Mopra radio telescope, simultaneously in the J=1-0 lines of $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O, and CN near 112 GHz at ~arcminute and ~0.3 km s$^{-1}$ resolution, with ~2 K channel$^{-1}$ sensitivity for $^{12}$CO and ~1 K channel$^{-1}$ for the other transitions. The calibrated data cubes from these observations are made available to the community after processing through our pipeline. Here, we describe the motivation for ThrUMMS, the development of new observing techniques for Mopra, and how these techniques were optimised to the objectives of the survey. We showcase some sample data products and describe the first science results on CO-isotopologue line ratios. These vary dramatically across the Galactic Plane, indicating a very wide range of optical depth and excitation conditions, from warm and translucent to cold and opaque. The population of cold clouds in particular have optical depths for $^{12}$CO easily exceeding 100. We derive a new, nonlinear conversion law from $^{12}$CO integrated intensity to column density, which suggests that the molecular mass traced by CO in the Galactic disk may have been substantially underestimated. This further suggests that some global relationships in disk galaxies, such as star formation laws, may need to be recalibrated. The large ThrUMMS team is proceeding with several other science investigations.
The Three-mm Ultimate Mopra Milky Way Survey. III. Data Release 6, An Atlas of Physical Conditions, Global Mass Conversion Laws, and 3D Physical Architecture of the Molecular ISM in the Fourth Quadrant
The Galactic Census of High- and Medium-mass Protostars. I. Catalogues and First Results from Mopra HCO+ Maps
高质量和中等质量原恒星普查(CHaMP)是第一个大规模的,无偏见的,均匀的映射调查,在亚秒差距尺度分辨率的90 GHz线发射从银河系中的大质量分子团。我们在HCO+ J=1-0线上展示了CHaMP调查区域(300°>l>280°)的第一张Mopra(ATNF)图,通常认为该图可以追踪密度高达10^11 m-3的气体。本文介绍了这次巡天的概况及其策略,描述了观测和数据处理的过程,给出了301个大质量分子团簇系综HCO+ J=1-0发射的矩图的完整目录。从这些地图,我们也得到的物理参数的团块,使用标准的分子光谱线分析技术。该分析产生以下性质范围:积分谱线强度1-30 K km s-1,峰值谱线亮度1-7 K,谱线宽度1-10 km s-1,积分谱线光度0.5-200 K km s-1 pc ^2,半高宽0.2-2.5 pc,平均投影轴比2,光学深度0.08-2,总表面密度30-3000 M{ \sun } pc-2,数密度0.2-30 x 10^9 m-3,质量15-8000 M{ \sun },维里参数1-55,总气体压力0.3-700 pPa。我们发现CHaMP团簇不服从Larson型的尺寸-线宽关系。在这些团块中,存在大量亚热激发、弱发射(但很容易检测)的致密分子团块,证实了Narayanan等人的预测。(2008)。这些微弱发光的团块占银河系这一部分所有大质量团块的95%,分子…
Live Fast, Die Young: GMC lifetimes in the FIRE cosmological simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies
我们提出的第一个测量的宇宙学模拟中的巨型分子云(GMC)的寿命在$z = 0$,使用的LATTE套件的银河系质量的星系的FIRE-2模拟。我们跟踪GMC与总气体质量$\gtrsim 10^5$ M $_\odot$在高空间($\sim1$ pc),质量($7100$ M $_{\odot}$),和时间(1百万年)的分辨率。我们模拟的GMCs与银河系和邻近星系中大质量GMCs的质量分布是一致的。我们发现了$5-7$ Myr的GMC寿命,或者平均1-2次自由落体时间,只有不到2个$\%$的云寿命超过2000万年。我们发现GMC寿命随维里参数的增加而减小,随银河系中心半径的增加而微弱增加,这意味着环境影响GMC的演化周期。然而,我们的GMC寿命没有显示出对GMC质量或恒星形成量的系统依赖性。这些结果与文献中的推论基本一致,并提供了一个初步的调查,最终了解的物理过程,管理GMC寿命在宇宙学设置。
NEFERTITI: Linking early galaxy formation to the assembly of the Milky Way
INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台);Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心);Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学尼尔斯玻尔研究所);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利群岛天体物理研究所);Universidad de La Laguna(拉古纳大学)
The Multi-phase HI of the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Observatoire de Paris(巴黎高等师范学院物理实验室,ENS,PSL大学,CNRS,索邦大学,巴黎第七大学,索邦巴黎城,巴黎天文台);Macquarie University(麦考瑞大学);Indian Institute of Technology Indore(印度理工学院印多尔分校);Indian Institute of Astrophysics(印度天体物理研究所);Stanford University(斯坦福大学);University of Tasmania(塔斯马尼亚大学);Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM(巴黎萨克雷大学,巴黎西岱大学,CEA,CNRS,AIM);University of British Columbia(不列颠哥伦比亚大学);National Research Council Canada(加拿大国家研究委员会);Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute(韩国天文学与空间科学研究所);University of Science and Technology(科学技术大学);The Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学);Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);University of Wisconsin–Madison(威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校);Indiana University(印第安纳大学);Columbia University(哥伦比亚大学);Indian Institute of Science(印度科学学院);California State University, Chico(加州州立大学奇科分校)
Milky Way Globular Clusters: Nurseries for Dynamically-Formed Binary Black Holes
Sapienza, Università di Roma(罗马大学);Tor Vergata, Università di Roma(罗马托尔维加塔大学);INAF/Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma(意大利国家天体物理研究所罗马天文台);INFN, Sezione di Roma I(意大利国家核物理研究所罗马第一分部);Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学);Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所)
A new classification of ex-situ and in-situ Galactic globular clusters based on a method trained on Milky Way analogues in the TNG50 cosmological simulations
Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS(巴黎天文台,巴黎文理研究大学,索邦大学,巴黎西岱大学,塞吉-蓬图瓦兹大学,法国国家科学研究中心);Lund Observatory, Division of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Lund University(隆德大学天体物理系隆德天文台);Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP)(波茨坦阿基米德天体物理研究所);Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo(东京大学宇宙学国际研究前沿中心);Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona(巴塞罗那大学宇宙科学研究所);Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg(斯特拉斯堡大学,法国国家科学研究中心,斯特拉斯堡天文台)
A survey of molecular clouds in the Galactic center's outflow
INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切尔天文台);University of Massachusetts, Amherst(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校);The Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学);Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);Green Bank Observatory(格林班克天文台);National Radio Astronomy Observatory(美国国家射电天文台)
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI)(韩国天文与空间科学研究所);Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学);Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室);Infrared Processing Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院红外处理与分析中心);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室);Seoul National University(首尔大学)