循环和自治促进生态系统网络的演化
Loops and autonomy promote evolvability of ecosystem networks
摘要：
生态网络的结构，特别是食物网，决定了它们进一步进化的能力，即可进化性。食物网〈动〉的可演化性是由不同的生态网络结构决定的，这一知识可以指导人类有目的地进行干预，以促进或限制生态系统的可演化性。然而，以前食物网〈动〉研究的重点是稳定性和鲁棒性，很少有人知道的生态网络结构对它们的进化能力的影响。关联生态系统的结构和进化，我们采用NK模型最初从进化生物学产生和评估的坚固性的适应度景观的广泛的模型食物网的数量逐渐变化的喂养循环和链接密度。网络结构的变化是由连接重布线控制的。我们的研究结果表明，更多的喂养循环和较低的营养链密度，即更高的物种的自主性，食物网的生态系统产生遗传变异的潜力，提高健身。我们的研究结果可以预测实际的食物网根据其网络结构的可进化性，并提供指导，以提高或控制特定的生态系统的可进化性。
英文摘要：
The structure of ecological networks, in particular food webs, determines their ability to evolve further, i.e. evolvability. The knowledge about how food web evolvability is determined by the structures of diverse ecological networks can guide human interventions purposefully to either promote or limit evolvability of ecosystems. However, the focus of prior food web studies was on stability and robustness; little is known regarding the impact of ecological network structures on their evolvability. To correlate ecosystem structure and evolvability, we adopt the NK model originally from evolutionary biology to generate and assess the ruggedness of fitness landscapes of a wide spectrum of model food webs with gradual variation in the amount of feeding loops and link density. The variation in network structures is controlled by linkage rewiring. Our results show that more feeding loops and lower trophic link density, i.e. higher autonomy of species, of food webs increase the potential for the ecosystem to generate heritable variations with improved fitness. Our findings allow the prediction of the evolvability of actual food webs according to their network structures, and provide guidance to enhancing or controlling the evolvability of specific ecosystems.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
