伽玛暴显示的0.78
A giant ring-like structure at 0.78<z<0.86 displayed by GRBs
摘要：
根据宇宙学原理，宇宙大尺度结构是均匀的、各向同性的。然而，可观测的宇宙即使在非常大的尺度上也显示出复杂的结构。最近发现的结构大大超过了370 Mpc的过渡尺度，对宇宙学原理提出了挑战。我们在这里报告发现的最大的规则形成在可观测的宇宙;一个环的直径为1720百万秒差距，显示由9个伽马射线暴（GRB），超过了一个因素的过渡尺度均匀和各向同性的分布。在0.78<z<0.86的红移范围内，环的大直径为$43^o$，小直径为$30^o$，距离为2770 Mpc，$2\times 10^{-6}$可能是伽玛射线暴计数率随机波动的结果。有证据表明，这个特征是一个壳在天空平面上的投影。孔洞和弦状结构是大尺度结构的常见结果。然而，这些结构的最大尺寸为150 Mpc，比观测到的GRB环直径小一个数量级。支持壳解释的证据要求瞬态伽玛暴的时间信息被包括在分析中。这个环形特征大到足以与宇宙学原理相矛盾。造成这种情况的物理机制尚不清楚。
英文摘要：
According to the cosmological principle, Universal large-scale structure is homogeneous and isotropic. The observable Universe, however, shows complex structures even on very large scales. The recent discoveries of structures significantly exceeding the transition scale of 370 Mpc pose a challenge to the cosmological principle. We report here the discovery of the largest regular formation in the observable Universe; a ring with a diameter of 1720 Mpc, displayed by 9 gamma ray bursts (GRBs), exceeding by a factor of five the transition scale to the homogeneous and isotropic distribution. The ring has a major diameter of $43^o$ and a minor diameter of $30^o$ at a distance of 2770 Mpc in the 0.78<z<0.86 redshift range, with a probability of $2\times 10^{-6}$ of being the result of a random fluctuation in the GRB count rate. Evidence suggests that this feature is the projection of a shell onto the plane of the sky. Voids and string-like formations are common outcomes of large-scale structure. However, these structures have maximum sizes of 150 Mpc, which are an order of magnitude smaller than the observed GRB ring diameter. Evidence in support of the shell interpretation requires that temporal information of the transient GRBs be included in the analysis. This ring-shaped feature is large enough to contradict the cosmological principle. The physical mechanism responsible for causing it is unknown.
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