用互溶溶剂进行晶体模板化：一种获得分级多孔性的简单途径
Crystal Templating with Mutually Miscible Solvents: A Simple Path to Hierarchical Porosity
摘要：
冰模板化是一种将冰晶用于模板化大孔的方法，已被用于处理具有一个水平的大孔的各种材料。我们在这里展示了一种基于互溶溶剂固化的冰模板的变体。不同相的固化（每个相由其自身的尺寸和形态限定）为具有由多达三个水平的大孔隙度限定的分级孔隙度的材料提供了简单的一步处理路线。这些概念都证明了陶瓷（氧化钇稳定氧化锆）和聚合物（聚乙烯醇）材料。
英文摘要：
Ice templating, a route where ice crystals are used to template macroporosity, has been used to process a variety of materials with one level of macropores. We demonstrate here a variant of ice templating based on the solidification of mutually miscible solvents. The solidification of different phases, each defined by their own size and morphology, provides a simple one-step processing route for materials with hierarchical porosity defined by up to three levels of macroporosity. These concepts are demonstrated with both ceramic (yttria-stabilized zirconia) and polymer (polyvinyl alcohol) materials.
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