雪崩在木材压缩
Avalanches in wood compression
摘要：
木材是一种多尺度材料，表现出复杂的粘塑性响应。我们在压缩的小木材样品中研究雪崩。通过声发射测量的“木震”与地震和岩石中的爆裂声以及脆性材料的实验室测试惊人地相似。事件能量和等待（静默）时间的分布都遵循幂律。应力-应变响应表现出明显的特征，即变形局部化到“薄弱点”或软木层，如使用数字图像相关所识别的。即使发生了材料结构依赖的局部化，雪崩行为仍然是无标度的。
英文摘要：
Wood is a multi-scale material exhibiting a complex viscoplastic response. We study avalanches in small wood samples in compression. "Woodquakes" measured by acoustic emission are surprisingly similar to earthquakes and crackling noise in rocks and laboratory tests on brittle materials. Both the distributions of event energies and of waiting (silent) times follow power-laws. The stress- strain response exhibits clear signatures of localization of deformation to "weak spots" or softwood layers, as identified using Digital Image Correlation. Even though material structure-dependent localization takes place, the avalanche behavior remains scale-free.
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