Qing Lin, Bing He
We report a study of optomechanical entanglement under the drive of one or a series of laser pulses with arbitrary detuning and different pulse shapes. Because of the non-existence of system steady state under pulsed driving field, we adopt a different approach from the standard treatment to optomechanical entanglement. The situation of the entanglement evolution in high temperature is also discussed.
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We report the experimental demonstration of optomechanical light storage in a silica resonator. We use writing and readout laser pulses tuned to one mechanical frequency below an optical cavity resonance to control the coupling between the mechanical displacement and the optical field at the cavity resonance. The writing pulse maps a signal pulse at the cavity resonance to a mechanical excitation. The readout pulse later converts the mechanical excitation back to an optical pulse. The light storage lifetime is determined by the relatively long damping time of the mechanical excitation.
We propose a protocol how to generate and verify bipartite Gaussian entanglement between two mechanical modes coupled to a single optical cavity, by means of short optical pulses and measurement. Our protocol requires neither the resolved sideband regime, nor low thermal phonon occupancy, and allows the generation and verification of quantum entanglement in less than a mechanical period of motion. Entanglement is generated via effective two-mode mechanical squeezing through conditioning position measurements. We study the robustness of entanglement to experimental deviations in mechanical freq…
A strategy for generating entanglement in two separated optomechanical oscillators is analysed, using entangled radiation produced from downconversion and stored in an initiating cavity. We show that the use of pulsed entanglement with optimally shaped temporal modes can efficiently transfer quantum entanglement into a mechanical mode, then remove it after a fixed waiting time for measurement. This protocol could provide new avenues to test for bounds on decoherence in massive systems that are spatially separated, as originally suggested by Wendell Furry [1] not long after the discussion by Ei…
Optomechanical systems with strong coupling can be a powerful medium for quantum state engineering. Here, we show that quantum state conversion between cavity modes with different wavelengths can be realized with high fidelity by adiabatically varying the effective optomechanical couplings. The fidelity for the conversion of gaussian states is derived by solving the Langevin equation in the adiabatic limit. We also show that photon pulses can be transmitted between input-output channels with different wavelengths via the effective optomechanical couplings and the output pulse shape can also be…
We propose a universal and nontrivial scheme to transmit and generate an arbitrary W state for multiple cavities via an optomechanical interface. In transmission and generation processes, high fidelity can be obtained by optimizing the time-dependent coupling strengths between the cavities and the mechanical resonator. With a group of optimal couplings, an arbitrary entangled W state in the multipartite system can be mapped to the pulse shape of a single photon and transmitted out of the system. In the time reversal process, an arbitrary W state can be generated with an incident single photon …
Coherent inter-conversion between an optical and a mechanical excitation in an optomechanical resonator can be used for the storage of an optical pulse as an excitation in a mechanical oscillator. This optomechanical light storage is enabled by external writing and readout pulses at one mechanical frequency below the optical resonance. In this paper, we expand an earlier experimental study [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 133601 (2011)] on storing an optical pulse as a radial breathing mode in a silica microsphere. We show that the heterodyne beating between a readout pulse and the corresponding retriev…
Multiphonon state plays an important role in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. Here we propose a scheme to realize dynamical emission of phonon pairs based on the technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in a single cavity optomechanical system, where the optical cavity is driven by two Gaussian pulse lasers. By exploring quantum trajectories of the state populations and the average phonon number, we find that the dynamical phonon-pair emission can be realized under the appropriate parameter conditions and is tunable by controlling the time interval between the conse…
Amplification and generation bounds of gravity-induced entanglement in pulsed optomechanical systems
通过脉冲光机械系统研究引力诱导纠缠，发现纠缠可通过压缩态或Fock态输入放大，但产生阈值由引力耦合与热退相干竞争决定，且无法通过输入态降低。
A pulsed scheme for generating robust optical entanglement via the coupling of two optical modes to a mechanical oscillator is proposed. This scheme is inspired by the Sørensen-Mølmer approach for entangling trapped ions in a thermal environment and is based on the use of optical driving pulses that are slightly detuned from the respective sideband resonance. We show that for certain pulse durations, the optomechanical interaction can return the mechanical oscillator to its initial state. The corresponding entanglement generation is robust against thermal mechanical noise in the weak as well a…
Generation of stable Gaussian cluster states in optomechanical systems with multifrequency drives
研究在多频驱动的光机械系统中，通过耗散稳定N个机械谐振器量子态的方法，并分析其在稳态制备高斯簇态方面的性能。
Quantum heat engine in the optomechanical system with mechanical parametric drive
该研究在光学机械系统中设计了一种量子热机，利用机械参量驱动提高能量利用效率，并通过短路径到绝热性方法实现更高效率。
We present a theoretical scheme for ground state cooling of a mechanical resonator in a membrane-in-middle optomechanical system (OMS) driven by two red-detuned drive fields. The details of dynamical evolution of OMS are provided, and the effect of system conditions on cooling results are systematically studied. Most importantly, the setups with two drives are found to be capable of achieving better cooling results than the theoretical cooling limit with single cavity. Even an improvement by one order of thermal phonon number is possible with proper combination of the cavity damping rate and d…
We propose a technique for robust optomechanical state transfer using phase-tailored composite pulse driving with constant amplitude. Our proposal is inspired by coherent control techniques in lossless driven qubits. We demonstrate that there exist optimal phases for maximally robust excitation exchange in lossy strongly-driven optomechanical state transfer. In addition, our proposed composite phase driving also protects against random variations in the parameters of the system. However, this driving can take the system out of its steady state. For this reason, we use the ideal optimal phases …
Effects of driven atomic ensemble on the output spectrum and entanglement of optomechanical system
该研究提出由经典激光驱动二能级原子系综构成腔壁的腔QED间接驱动光力学模型，发现原子系综与腔模的耦合及激发水平显著影响系统输出压缩谱和光力纠缠，为理解光力学系统的关联与谱特性机制提供新见解。
Entanglement generation at a macroscopic scale offers an exciting avenue to develop new quantum technologies and study fundamental physics on a tabletop. Cavity quantum optomechanics provides an ideal platform to generate and exploit such phenomena owing to the precision of quantum optics combined with recent experimental advances in optomechanical devices. In this work, we propose schemes operating outside the resolved-sideband regime, to prepare and verify both optical-mechanical and mechanical-mechanical entanglement. Our schemes employ pulsed interactions with a duration much less than the…
We propose a protocol for quantum state tomography of nonclassical states in optomechanical systems. Using a parametric drive, the procedure overcomes the challenges of weak optomechanical coupling, poor detection efficiency, and thermal noise to enable high efficiency homodyne measurement. Our analysis is based on the analytic description of the generalized measurement that is performed when optomechanical position measurement competes with thermal noise and a parametric drive. The proposed experimental procedure is numerically simulated in realistic parameter regimes, which allows us to show…
We study single photon optomechanics conditioned on photon counting events. By selecting only detection events that occur long after a photon pulse arrives at the cavity, the optomechanical interaction time can be increased, allowing a large momentum kick to be applied to the oscillator. We apply this to two optomechanical cavities set up within a Mach-Zhender interferometer driven by a single photon source. The conditional state of the mechanical modes in such a system becomes an entangled cat state for detection times resulting in maximum mechanical amplitude in phase space. Further we study…
We examine the entanglement properties of a system that represents two driven microwave cavities each optomechanically coupled to two separate driven optical cavities which are connected by a single-mode optical fiber. The results suggest that it may be possible to achieve near-maximal entanglement of the microwave cavities, thus allowing a teleportation scheme to enable interactions for hybrid quantum computing of superconducting qubits with optical interconnects.
Universality of stationary entanglement in an optomechanical system driven by non-Markovian noise and squeezed light
研究非马尔可夫噪声和压缩光驱动的光机械系统，发现纠缠破坏阈值仅依赖环境噪声，揭示普适纠缠-解纠缠转变，并证明频率相关压缩无法在可分离配置中产生纠缠。
An optical field inside a Fabry-Perot cavity would exhibit multistability either when an atomic medium, acting as a classical dielectric, is filled into the cavity or when the cavity becomes optomechanical where one reflecting end becomes movable. An external laser is essential in both cases to drive the cavity mode out of the zero equilibrium state. We study the equilibrium states of an atom-filled optomechanical cavity, where the atoms are considered a collective two-level systems as well as an active component that replaces the role of the driving laser. Multistability is found when the ato…
In the few-photon regime, we theoretically propose a feasible scheme to realize strong coupling optomechanical cycle in a three-mode optomechanical circulatory system (OMCS) comprising of cross-Kerr (CK) type and linear coupling between the corresponding two bosonic modes, meanwhile, where one of the bosonic modes is strongly coherently driven and the rest are weakly driven. A Langevin equation for strong three-mode OMCS is derived by adjusting the parameters of the appropriate strong coherent laser. We show that this strong coupling of optomechanical originates from the strong coherently driv…
Testing Quantum Gravity using Pulsed Optomechanical Systems
本文提出用脉冲光机械实验区分 SN、CWL 与传统量子力学，并为 CWL 构建 Heisenberg 绘景式计算框架，指出单一实验原则上可探测两种模型。
The radiation pressure induced coupling between an optical cavity field and a mechanical oscillator can create entanglement between them. In previous works this entanglement was treated as that of the quantum fluctuations of the cavity and mechanical modes around their classical mean values. Here we provide a fully quantum approach to optomechanical entanglement, which goes beyond the approximation of classical mean motion plus quantum fluctuation, and applies to arbitrary cavity drive. We illustrate the real-time evolution of optomechanical entanglement under drive of arbitrary detuning to sh…
Strongly driven cavity quantum electrodynamical-optomechanical hybrid system
本文提出利用强驱动混合系统生成非高斯机械态，通过增强的光机械耦合实现高保真转移，为非高斯机械量子记忆和传感器提供新路径。
We demonstrate that optomechanical non-reciprocity is equivalent to the anti-resonance, often discussed in the context of coupled driven harmonic oscillators. We show that that suitable phase-difference between the cavity driving fields make the relevant optomechanical couplings complex, which leads to non-reciprocity in the field fluctuations and anti-resonance in average field amplitudes. This analogy with anti-resonance demonstrates that only for a particular frequency (the so-called isolation frequency) of input signal, maximum non-reciprocity can be achieved. In contrast to the previous s…
We investigate the stationary bipartite entanglement is a useful hybrid optomechanical system, which is constituted of two coupled-cavity optomechanics through a photon hopping process and both are driven by squeezed light. The transfer of correlations from an entangled light source to optomechanical cavities is explored. It is found that the generation of bipartite entanglement and entanglement transfer depend strongly on photon hopping strength and the matching of the input squeezed modes to the cavity modes. It is revealed that the generated stationary bipartite entanglement due to squeezed…
Nonclassical phonon pair
本文利用红、蓝失谐脉冲在运动基态悬浮硅微结构中构造等效高阶光机械四波混频，产生并读出量子关联声子对，以超过 5σ 违反 Cauchy–Schwarz 界限，退相干时间达 132 ns。
We propose a quantum heat engine based on a quadratically coupled optomechanical system. The optical component of the system is driven periodically with an incoherent thermal drive, which induces periodic oscillations in the mechanical component. Under the action of the quadratic optomechanical interaction, the mechanical mode evolves from an initial thermal state to a thermal-squeezed steady state, as verified by calculating the Wigner functions. The dynamics of the system is identified as an effective four-stroke Otto cycle. We investigated the performance of the engine by evaluating the dis…
Entanglement distribution among distinct mechanical nodes in a quantum network
本文提出两种方案实现远距离机械节点间量子纠缠分布，利用光学机械系统解决频率差异问题，推动混合量子网络技术发展。
Optomechanical systems driven by an effective blue detuned laser can exhibit self-sustained oscillations of the mechanical oscillator. These self-oscillations are a prerequisite for the observation of synchronization. Here, we study the synchronization of the mechanical oscillations to an external reference drive. We study two cases of reference drives: (1) An additional laser applied to the optical cavity; (2) A mechanical drive applied directly to the mechanical oscillator. Starting from a master equation description, we derive a microscopic Adler equation for both cases, valid in the classi…
We demonstrate the control of entanglement in a hybrid optomechanical system comprising an optical cavity with a mechanical end-mirror and an intracavity Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Pulsed laser light (tuned within realistic experimental conditions) is shown to induce an almost sixfold increase of the atom-mirror entanglement and to be responsible for interesting dynamics between such mesoscopic systems. In order to assess the advantages offered by the proposed control technique, we compare the time-dependent dynamics of the system under constant pumping with the evolution due to the modul…
We consider an optomechanical quantum system composed of a single cavity mode interacting with N mechanical resonators. We propose a scheme for generating continuous-variable graph states of arbitrary size and shape, including the so-called cluster states for universal quantum computation. The main feature of this scheme is that, differently from previous approaches, the graph states are hosted in the mechanical degrees of freedom rather than in the radiative ones. Specifically, via a 2N-tone laser drive, we engineer a linear Hamiltonian which is instrumental to dissipatively drive the system …
We propose an approach to generate strong quantum entanglement by the controllable four wave mixing mechanism in a single cavity, weak coupling optomechanical system. The optomechanical system is driven by a strong two tone pump field and a weak signal field, simultaneously. The two tone pump field consists of a lower and an upper sideband, which couple with the optical cavity and mechanical resonator, and generate the beam splitter and two mode squeezing interactions under the rotating wave approximation. This interaction mechanism modifies the effective susceptibility of the optomechanical c…
The techniques of cavity optomechanics have enabled significant achievements in precision sensing, including the detection of gravitational waves and the cooling of mechanical systems to their quantum ground state. Recently, the inherent non-linearity in the optomechanical interaction has been harnessed to explore synchronization effects, including the spontaneous locking of an oscillator to a reference injection signal delivered via the optical field. Here, we present the first demonstration of a radiation-pressure driven optomechanical system locking to an inertial drive, with actuation prov…
We realize a superconducting circuit analog of the generic cavity-optomechanical Hamiltonian by longitudinally coupling two superconducting resonators, which are an order of magnitude different in frequency. We achieve longitudinal coupling by embedding a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) into a high frequency resonator, making its resonance frequency depend on the zero point current fluctuations of a nearby low frequency LC-resonator. By employing sideband drive fields we enhance the intrinsic coupling strength of about 15 kHz up to 280 kHz by controlling the amplitude of th…
We present a scheme for ground-state cooling of a mechanical resonator by simultaneously coupling it to a superconducting qubit and a cavity field. The Hamiltonian describing the hybrid system dynamics is systematically derived. The cooling process is driven by a red-detuned ac drive on the qubit and a laser drive on the optomechanical cavity. We have investigated cooling in the weak and the strong coupling regimes for both the individual system, i.e., qubit assisted cooling and optomechanical cooling, and compared them with the effective hybrid cooling. It is shown that hybrid cooling is more…
We investigate theoretically in detail the non-linear effects in the response of an optical/microwave cavity coupled to a Duffing mechanical resonator. The cavity is driven by a laser at a red or blue mechanical subband, and a probe laser measures the reflection close to the cavity resonance. Under these conditions, we find that the cavity exhibits optomechanically induced reflection (OMIR) or absorption (OMIA) and investigate the optomechanical response in the limit of non-linear driving of the mechanics. Similar to linear mechanical drive, an overcoupled cavity the red-sideband drive may lea…
We identify signatures of the intrinsic nonlinear interaction between light and mechanical motion in cavity optomechanical systems. These signatures are observable even when the cavity linewidth exceeds the optomechanical coupling rate. A strong laser drive red-detuned by twice the mechanical frequency from the cavity resonance frequency makes two-phonon processes resonant, which leads to a nonlinear version of optomechanically induced transparency. This effect provides a new method of measuring the average phonon number of the mechanical oscillator. Furthermore, we show that if the strong las…
We consider the distribution of entanglement from a multi-mode optical driving source to a network of remote and independent optomechanical systems. By focusing on the tripartite case, we analyse the effects that the features of the optical input states have on the degree and sharing-structure of the distributed, fully mechanical, entanglement. This study, which is conducted looking at the mechanical steady-state, highlights the structure of the entanglement distributed among the nodes and determines the relative efficiency between bipartite and tripartite entanglement transfer. We discuss a f…
Superluminal Pulse Propagation in a One-sided Nanomechanical Cavity System
该研究分析高品质纳米机械腔在电磁诱导透明条件下的脉冲传播，证明耦合场功率可调控群延迟，并在强耦合下获得对应超光速光的负时间延迟。
Maximizing optomechanical entanglement with optimal control
本文将光学机械纠缠的生成建模为超球面H³中的最优控制问题，通过最优控制理论和数值优化方法确定最优耦合率以最大化纠缠量，尤其在强耦合条件下能高效生成纠缠。
The polarizations of optical fields, besides field intensities, provide more degrees of freedom to manipulate coherent light-matter interactions. Here we propose how to achieve a coherent switch of optomechanical entanglement in a polarized-light-driven cavity system. We show that by tuning the polarizations of the driving field, the effective optomechanical coupling can be well controlled and, as a result, quantum entanglement between the mechanical oscillator and the optical transverse electric (TE) mode can be coherently and reversibly switched to that between the same phonon mode and the o…
Staircase mechanical energy growth in optomechanical systems of median mechanical frequencies
研究发现，在中等机械频率的光学机械系统中，双频驱动下机械谐振子能量呈现阶梯状增长现象，揭示了其动态特性及应用潜力。
Pulsed optomechanical measurements enable squeezing, non-classical state creation and backaction-free sensing. We demonstrate pulsed measurement of a cryogenic nanomechanical resonator with record precision close to the quantum regime. We use these to prepare thermally squeezed and purified conditional mechanical states, and to perform full state tomography. These demonstrations exploit large photon-phonon coupling in a nanophotonic cavity to reach a single-pulse imprecision of 9 times the mechanical zero-point amplitude $x_\mathrm{zpf}$. We study the effect of other mechanical modes which lim…
We consider a one-dimensional optomechanical lattice where each site is strongly driven by a control laser to enhance the basic optomechanical interaction. We then study the propagation of photons injected by an additional probe laser beam; this is the lattice-generalization of the well-known optomechanically-induced transparency (OMIT) effect in a single optomechanical cavity. We find an interesting interplay between OMIT-type physics and geometric, Fabry-Perot type resonances. In particular, phonon-like polaritons can give rise to high-amplitude transmission resonances which are much narrowe…
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