细长玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中暗孤子的产生、拖曳和释放
Generating, dragging and releasing dark solitons in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates
摘要：
我们从理论上分析了在谐波陷阱和窄势缺陷的影响下准一维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。在平均场水平上进行模拟，我们探索了一个强大的机制，其中一个单一的暗孤子成核，并立即钉扎的移动缺陷，使它有可能拖到一个所需的位置，并释放它。我们在微扰水平上论证了对原子有吸引力的缺陷势适合于暗孤子的保持和运动。孤子生成协议的研究在广泛的模型参数和它的成功是系统地量化一个合适的保真度措施，证明其对参数变化的鲁棒性，但也需要紧密聚焦的缺陷潜力。长时间保持孤子在一个固定的缺陷，可能会引起动力学不稳定性，其起源，我们探讨内Bogoliubov-de Gennes线性化分析。我们表明，迭代的产生过程中，多个缺陷提供了一个角度来初始化多孤子动力学与自由选择的初始条件。
英文摘要：
We theoretically analyze quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates under the influence of a harmonic trap and a narrow potential defect that moves through the atomic cloud. Performing simulations on the mean field level, we explore a robust mechanism in which a single dark soliton is nucleated and immediately pinned by the moving defect, making it possible to drag it to a desired position and release it there. We argue on a perturbative level that a defect potential which is attractive to the atoms is suitable for holding and moving dark solitons. The soliton generation protocol is investigated over a wide range of model parameters and its success is systematically quantified by a suitable fidelity measure, demonstrating its robustness against parameter variations, but also the need for tight focusing of the defect potential. Holding the soliton at a stationary defect for long times may give rise to dynamical instabilities, whose origin we explore within a Bogoliubov-de Gennes linearization analysis. We show that iterating the generation process with multiple defects offers a perspective for initializing multiple soliton dynamics with freely chosen initial conditions.
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