大型外海王星双星系统Varda和Ilmarë的相互轨道、质量和密度
The Mutual Orbit, Mass, and Density of the Large Transneptunian Binary System Varda and Ilmarë
摘要：
通过哈勃太空望远镜、凯克II望远镜和双子座北望望远镜的观测，我们已经确定了大型穿海王星天体（174567）瓦尔达和它的卫星伊尔玛的共同轨道。这两个物体在一个周期为5.75天、半长轴为4，810公里的高度倾斜的圆形或近圆形轨道上相互绕转。这个轨道显示系统的质量为（2.664 +/- 0.064）x 10^20 kg，略大于第二大主带小行星（4）灶神星的质量。动力学质量又可以与赫歇尔空间望远镜热观测所得的系统表面积估算值相结合，估算出体积密度为1.24 + 0.50 - 0.35 g cm^-3。瓦尔达和伊尔玛都有类似于系统的组合颜色，B-V = 0.886 +/- 0.025和V-I = 1.156 +/- 0.029。
英文摘要：
From observations by the Hubble Space Telescope, Keck II Telescope, and Gemini North Telescope, we have determined the mutual orbit of the large transneptunian object (174567) Varda and its satellite Ilmarë. These two objects orbit one another in a highly inclined, circular or near-circular orbit with a period of 5.75 days and a semimajor axis of 4810 km. This orbit reveals the system mass to be (2.664 +/- 0.064) x 10^20 kg, slightly greater than the mass of the second most massive main-belt asteroid (4) Vesta. The dynamical mass can in turn be combined with estimates of the surface area of the system from Herschel Space Telescope thermal observations to estimate a bulk density of 1.24 +0.50 -0.35 g cm^-3. Varda and Ilmarë both have colors similar to the combined colors of the system, B-V = 0.886 +/- 0.025 and V-I = 1.156 +/- 0.029.
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