用直线加速器作辐射源的中子活化分析法测定大样品中金的γ能谱法
A gamma spectrometry protocol for gold determination in big samples by neutron activation analysis, using a linac as a source of irradiation
摘要：
本文介绍了用线性粒子加速器作辐射源，单探测器作探测系统，用中子活化分析法测定大量矿样中金的基本问题。该报告包括i）系统检测效率的评估，特别是具有显著体积的样品中几何效率的评估（体积约为20 ~ 30 cm ~ 3）; 2）计算样品中伽马射线自衰减的几种方法; 3）样品中金的不均匀性检验; iv）用MCNP代码获得的几个验证计算-用该程序模拟整个系统。这组结果产生了一个伽马光谱测定方案，为了准确地获得矿物样品中的金浓度，这项研究是由一个法律局要求确定巴塔哥尼亚小矿床中的金丰度。根据从该方法的表征过程中获得的结果的高质量，可以得出结论，该金分析将以与使用反应器的通常NAA提供的准确度相似的准确度获得，在小样品中精确度值约为几个%。
英文摘要：
This work presents a study on the fundamental aspects of a reliable gold determination in voluminous mineral samples by Neutron Activation Analysis, using a Linear Particle Accelerator as a source of irradiation and a single detector as a detection system. The report includes i) an evaluation of the detection efficiency of the system, particularly the evaluation of the geometric efficiency in samples with significant volumes (with approximate volumes from 20 to 30 cm3); ii) a few methods for the calculation of the gamma ray self attenuation in the sample; iii) some gold in-homogeneity tests in the sample; iv) several validation calculations obtained with the MCNP code - the complete system was modeled with this program. This group of results has produced a gamma-spectrometry protocol for this determination, in order to obtain accurately the gold concentration in mineral samples this study was required by a legal bureau to determine the gold abundance in a Patagonian small deposit. According to the high quality of the results obtained from the process of characterization of this method, it is concluded that this gold analysis would be obtained with an accuracy similar than the one provided by the usual NAA using a reactor, in small samples exactitude values around few %.
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