氢氧离子与氦原子的转动变态冷碰撞
Rotational state-changing cold collisions of hydroxyl ions with helium
摘要：
冷分子对于许多应用都很重要，从基本的精密测量、量子信息处理、量子控制化学到了解冷的星际介质。已知分子离子在与冷原子或离子的共振碰撞中被有效地冷却。然而，由于低温下量子态-态碰撞率的确定无论是在实验上还是在理论上都是极具挑战性的，因此对基本冷却步骤的了解很少。本文提出了一种利用非共振光剥离技术操纵分子量子态的方法。在此基础上，我们给出了氢氧负离子与氦原子旋转非弹性碰撞在全量子态控制下的绝对量子散射速率系数。实验和量子散射理论表明，在没有可调参数的情况下，具有很好的一致性。对于两种不同的同位素，得到非常相似的速率系数，这与出现在不同能量的几个量子散射共振有关。所提出的方法也适用于多原子系统，并将有助于阐明非辐射过程中的多环芳烃和蛋白质发色团。
英文摘要：
Cold molecules are important for many applications, from fundamental precision measurements, quantum information processing, quantum-controlled chemistry, to understanding the cold interstellar medium. Molecular ions are known to be cooled efficiently in sympathetic collisions with cold atoms or ions. However, little knowledge is available on the elementary cooling steps, because the determination of quantum state-to-state collision rates at low temperature is prohibitively challenging for both experiment and theory. Here we present a method to manipulate molecular quantum states by non-resonant photodetachment. Based on this we provide absolute quantum scattering rate coefficients under full quantum state control for the rotationally inelastic collision of hydroxyl anions with helium. Experiment and quantum scattering theory show excellent agreement without adjustable parameters. Very similar rate coefficients are obtained for two different isotopes, which is linked to several quantum scattering resonances appearing at different energies. The presented method is also applicable to polyatomic systems and will help shed light on non-radiative processes in polyaromatic hydrocarbons and protein chromophores.
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