在DESY- II的5 GeV电子束上研究方向敏感蓝宝石探测器叠层
Investigation of a direction sensitive sapphire detector stack at the 5 GeV electron beam at DESY-II
摘要：
在粒子物理实验中，束管附近区域的测量需要极强辐射的硬传感器。例子是大型强子对撞机、FLASH或XFEL的束晕和束损失监测器。目前人造金刚石传感器应用广泛。在本文中，单晶蓝宝石传感器被认为是一个有前途的替代品。工业生长的蓝宝石晶片尺寸大，成本低，并且像金刚石传感器一样，可以在没有冷却的情况下操作。在这里，我们提出了在高强度低能量电子束蓝宝石传感器的辐照研究的结果。然后，描述了多通道方向敏感蓝宝石检测器堆叠。它包括8块蓝宝石板，尺寸为1平方厘米，厚度为525微米，两面都金属化，并并列形成一个堆栈。每个第二金属层被提供有偏置电压，并且中间的层被连接到电荷敏感前置放大器。在5 GeV电子束中研究了探测器的性能。作为偏置电压的函数测量的电荷收集效率随电压升高，在950 V时达到约10%。在该电压下从穿过叠层的电子获得的信号大小为约22000 e，其中e是单位电荷。信号大小作为撞击位置的函数进行测量，在垂直于射束和电场的方向上显示出高达20%的变化。作为平行于电场的坐标的函数的信号大小的测量证实了主要是电子对信号有贡献的预测。还观察到极化场存在的证据。
英文摘要：
Extremely radiation hard sensors are needed in particle physics experiments to instrument the region near the beam pipe. Examples are beam halo and beam loss monitors at the Large Hadron Collider, FLASH or XFEL. Currently artificial diamond sensors are widely used. In this paper single crystal sapphire sensors are considered as a promising alternative. Industrially grown sapphire wafers are available in large sizes, are of low cost and, like diamond sensors, can be operated without cooling. Here we present results of an irradiation study done with sapphire sensors in a high intensity low energy electron beam. Then, a multichannel direction-sensitive sapphire detector stack is described. It comprises 8 sapphire plates of 1 cm^2 size and 525 micro m thickness, metallized on both sides, and apposed to form a stack. Each second metal layer is supplied with a bias voltage, and the layers in between are connected to charge-sensitive preamplifiers. The performance of the detector was studied in a 5 GeV electron beam. The charge collection efficiency measured as a function of the bias voltage rises with the voltage, reaching about 10 % at 950 V. The signal size obtained from electrons crossing the stack at this voltage is about 22000 e, where e is the unit charge. The signal size is measured as a function of the hit position, showing variations of up to 20 % in the direction perpendicular to the beam and to the electric field. The measurement of the signal size as a function of the coordinate parallel to the electric field confirms the prediction that mainly electrons contribute to the signal. Also evidence for the presence of a polarisation field was observed.
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