标准烛光对宇宙整体性的无偏约束
Unbiased constraints on the clumpiness of universe from standard candles
摘要：
我们通过将描述局部不均匀性对光传播的影响的Zel'dovich-Kantowski-Dyer-Roeder光度距离与由标准烛光测量估计的观测光度距离进行比较，Ia型超新星（SNe Ia）和伽马射线暴（GRB）。在方法上，我们首先确定的光变曲线拟合参数占距离估计超新星Ia观测和光度/能量关系，负责距离估计的伽玛暴在全球拟合重建哈勃图的背景下，cluberous宇宙。随后，这些哈勃图使我们能够实现无偏约束的物质密度参数$Ω_m$以及结块参数$η$，它量化了一个给定的光锥内均匀分布的物质的分数。在1 $σ$置信水平下，约束条件为来自联合分析的$Ω_m=0.34\pm0.02$和$η=1.00^{+0.00}_{-0.02}$。结果表明，充满弗里德曼-勒马特-罗伯逊-沃克流体的宇宙受到标准蜡烛观测的青睐，具有非常高的统计显著性。另一方面，他们也可能表明，泽尔多维奇-坎托夫斯基-戴尔-罗德近似是一个足够精确的形式来描述膨胀宇宙中局部均匀性的影响。
英文摘要：
We perform unbiased tests for the clumpiness of universe by confronting the Zel'dovich-Kantowski-Dyer-Roeder luminosity distance which describes the effect of local inhomogeneities on the propagation of light with the observational one estimated from measurements of standard candles, i.e., type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Methodologically, we first determine the light-curve fitting parameters which account for distance estimation in SNe Ia observations and luminosity/energy relations which are responsible for distance estimation of GRBs in the global fit to reconstruct the Hubble diagrams in the context of a clumpy universe. Subsequently, these Hubble diagrams allow us to achieve unbiased constraints on the matter density parameter $Ω_m$ as well as clumpiness parameter $η$ which quantifies the fraction of homogeneously distributed matter within a given light cone. At 1$σ$ confidence level, the constraints are $Ω_m=0.34\pm0.02$ and $η=1.00^{+0.00}_{-0.02}$ from the joint analysis. The results suggest that the universe full of Friedman-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker fluid is favored by observations of standard candles with very high statistical significance. On the other hand, they may also indicate that the Zel'dovich-Kantowski-Dyer-Roeder approximation is a sufficient accurate form to describe the effects of local homogeneity in the expanding universe.
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