利用Landau-Zener-Stückelberg干涉操纵Majorana量子比特
Manipulating the Majorana Qubit with the Landau-Zener-Stückelberg Interference
摘要：
构造一个普适的Majorana量子比特操作方案是拓扑量子计算的核心问题。我们研究了Majorana量子比特中的Landau-Zener-Stückelberg干涉，并证明了这种干涉可以用来实现可控操作。马约拉纳量子比特由具有拓扑纳米线约瑟夫森结的rf SQUID组成，该拓扑纳米线具有马约拉纳束缚态。在SQUID中，磁通量脉冲可以驱动马约拉纳量子比特的量子演化。当脉冲的幅度围绕超导通量量子$2e/\hbar$调谐时，量子位经历两次朗道-齐纳跃迁。两个跃迁之间的Landau-Zener-Stückelberg干涉使Majorana量子比特旋转，角度由脉冲的时间尺度控制。这种旋转操作在Majorana量子比特上实现了高速单量子比特门，这是拓扑量子计算的必要成分。
英文摘要：
Constructing a universal operation scheme for Majorana qubits remains a central issue for the topological quantum computation. We study the Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interference in a Majorana qubit and show that this interference can be used to achieve controllable operations. The Majorana qubit consists of an rf SQUID with a topological nanowire Josephson junction which hosts Majorana bound states. In the SQUID, a magnetic flux pulse can drive the quantum evolution of the Majorana qubit. The qubit experiences two Landau-Zener transitions when the amplitude of the pulse is tuned around the superconducting flux quanta $2e/\hbar$. The Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interference between the two transitions rotates the Majorana qubit, with the angle controlled by the time scale of the pulse. This rotation operation implements a high-speed single-qubit gate on the Majorana qubit, which is a necessary ingredient for the topological quantum computation.
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