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arXiv 1504.00632cond-mat.other
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从$T=0$到$T_λ$湍流超流$^4$ He的能量谱和涡度谱

Energy and Vorticity Spectra in Turbulent Superfluid $^4$He from $T=0$ to $T_λ$

Laurent Boué, Victor S. L'vov, Yotam Nagar, Sergey V. Nazarenko, Anna Pomyalov, Itamar Procaccia

摘要:

本文讨论了湍流超流$^4$ He在从$T=0$到相变点$T_λ\simeq 2.17\,$ K的所有温度范围内的能量谱和涡度谱。与只有两个典型尺度(即能量注入尺度$L$和耗散尺度$η$)的经典发展湍流相反,涡量的量子化引入了两个附加尺度(即涡核半径$a_0$和平均涡间距$\ell$)。我们提出了这些光谱的超和正常的流体成分在整个范围内的尺度从$L$ $a_0$,包括交叉尺度$\ell$的流体动力学涡级联取代的开尔文波级联的个别涡。在这个尺度上,早先在$T=0$发现了能量的瓶颈积累。我们发现,即使是非常小的相互摩擦显着抑制瓶颈效应,由于开尔文波的耗散。使用我们的结果的光谱,我们估计的Vinen“有效粘度”$ν'$在整个温度范围内,并显示协议与众多的实验观察$ν'(T)$。

英文摘要:

We discuss the energy and vorticity spectra of turbulent superfluid $^4$He in all the temperature range from $T=0$ up to the phase transition "$λ$ point", $T_λ\simeq 2.17\,$K. Contrary to classical developed turbulence in which there are only two typical scales, i.e. the energy injection $L$ and the dissipation scales $η$, here the quantization of vorticity introduces two additional scales, i.e the vortex core radius $a_0$ and the mean vortex spacing $\ell$. We present these spectra for the super- and normal-fluid components in the entire range of scales from $L$ to $a_0$ including the cross-over scale $\ell$ where the hydrodynamic eddy-cascade is replaced by the cascade of Kelvin waves on individual vortices. At this scale a bottleneck accumulation of the energy was found earlier at $T=0$. We show that even very small mutual friction dramatically suppresses the bottleneck effect due to the dissipation of the Kelvin waves. Using our results for the spectra we estimate the Vinen "effective viscosity" $ν'$ in the entire temperature range and show agreement with numerous experimental observation for $ν'(T)$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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