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arXiv 1503.09037astro-ph.GA
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S254-S258 OB复合体丝状体中的恒星形成:形成过程中的星系团

Star formation in the filament of S254-S258 OB complex: a cluster in the process of making

M. R. Samal, D. K. Ojha, J. Jose, A. Zavagno, S. Takahashi, B. Neichel, J. S. Kim, N. Chauhan, A. K. Pandey, I. Zinchenko, M. Tamura, S. K. Ghosh

摘要:

红外暗云是研究大质量恒星和团簇形成初始过程的理想实验室。我们研究了一个未经探测的暗星云(~5.7pc x 1.9pc)的恒星形成活动,它本身是位于S254-S258 OB复合体中距离2.5kpc的大暗条(~ 20 pc)的一部分。使用MIPS斯皮策24微米的数据,我们发现49个源的信噪比大于5。我们确定了45个源作为I类、平谱和II类性质的候选YSO。另外17个候选YSO(9个I类和8个II类)也使用JHK和WISE测光确定。我们发现该区域的原恒星与II类源的比值(~2)和原恒星比例(~70%)都很高。当将原恒星的比例与其他年轻星团进行比较时,这表明暗星云中的恒星形成可能仅在100万年前开始。结合近红外测光结果和理论演化模型,我们推断在暗星云中形成的大部分候选YSO本质上是低质量的(<2 Msolar)。我们检查了YSO的空间分布,发现它们中的大多数沿着暗云的最高柱密度线(N(H2)~1 x 10^22 cm^-2)沿其长轴线性排列,平均最近邻间隔约为0.2 pc。利用观测到的YSO的性质,云的物理条件和一个简单的圆柱模型,我们探讨了可能的恒星形成过程中的这条暗星云,并建议内的引力碎片应该发挥了主导作用,在形成的YSO。根据YSO的总质量、与暗星云相关的气体质量以及周围环境,我们推断该区域目前正在以约3%的效率和约30兆太阳年^-1的速率形成恒星,并可能形成一个更丰富的星团。

英文摘要:

Infrared Dark Clouds are ideal laboratories to study the initial processes of high-mass star and star cluster formation. We investigated star formation activity of an unexplored filamentary dark cloud (~5.7pc x 1.9pc), which itself is part of a large filament (~20pc) located in the S254-S258 OB complex at a distance of 2.5kpc. Using MIPS Spitzer 24 micron data, we uncover 49 sources with SNR greater than 5. We identified 45 sources as candidate YSOs of Class I, Flat-spectrum & Class II nature. Additional 17 candidate YSOs (9 Class I & 8 Class II) are also identified using JHK and WISE photometry. We find that the protostar to Class II sources ratio (~2) and the protostar fraction (~70%) of the region are high. When the protostar fraction compared to other young clusters, it suggests that the star formation in the dark cloud was possibly started only 1 Myr ago. Combining the NIR photometry of the YSO candidates with the theoretical evolutionary models, we infer that most of the candidate YSOs formed in the dark cloud are low-mass (<2 Msolar) in nature. We examine the spatial distribution of the YSOs and find that majority of them are linearly aligned along the highest column density line (N(H2) ~1 x 10^22 cm^-2) of the dark cloud along its long axis at mean nearest neighbor separation of ~0.2pc. Using observed properties of the YSOs, physical conditions of the cloud and a simple cylindrical model, we explore the possible star formation process of this filamentary dark cloud and suggest that gravitational fragmentation within the filament should have played a dominant role in the formation of the YSOs. From the total mass of the YSOs, gaseous mass associated with the dark cloud, and surrounding environment, we infer that the region is presently forming stars at an efficiency ~3% and a rate ~30 Msolar Myr^-1, and may emerge to a richer cluster.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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