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arXiv 1503.08243cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.str-elphysics.atom-ph
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强合成磁场中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的观测

Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Strong Synthetic Magnetic Field

Colin J. Kennedy, William Cody Burton, Woo Chang Chung, Wolfgang Ketterle

摘要:

贝瑞相的扩展和量子霍尔效应导致了具有拓扑性质的新物质态的发现。传统上,这已经通过使用由仅耦合到带电粒子的磁场或自旋轨道相互作用产生的规范场来实现。对于中性超冷原子,已经产生了足够强的合成磁场来实现Harper-Hofstadter模型。尽管有许多建议和重大的实验努力,到目前为止,还没有可能准备的基态的这个系统。本文报道了在每个晶格单胞中有1/2通量量子的Harper-Hofstadter哈密顿量下的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚。超流态的衍射图样直接显示了动量在波函数上的分布,而动量分布是规范相关的。它揭示了矢量势的约化对称性和基态的双重简并性。我们探索了一种通过Mott绝缘相的绝热多体态制备方案,并在具有强相互作用的三维晶格中观察到了超流基态。

英文摘要:

Extensions of Berry's phase and the quantum Hall effect have led to the discovery of new states of matter with topological properties. Traditionally, this has been achieved using gauge fields created by magnetic fields or spin orbit interactions which couple only to charged particles. For neutral ultracold atoms, synthetic magnetic fields have been created which are strong enough to realize the Harper-Hofstadter model. Despite many proposals and major experimental efforts, so far it has not been possible to prepare the ground state of this system. Here we report the observation of Bose-Einstein condensation for the Harper-Hofstadter Hamiltonian with one-half flux quantum per lattice unit cell. The diffraction pattern of the superfluid state directly shows the momentum distribution on the wavefuction, which is gauge-dependent. It reveals both the reduced symmetry of the vector potential and the twofold degeneracy of the ground state. We explore an adiabatic many-body state preparation protocol via the Mott insulating phase and observe the superfluid ground state in a three-dimensional lattice with strong interactions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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