大爆炸后6.8 - 8.5亿年的尘埃产生
Dust production 680-850 million years after the Big Bang
摘要：
尘埃在我们对宇宙的理解中起着重要的作用，但目前还不清楚遥远宇宙中的尘埃是如何形成的。我推导出了解释z = 6.3 - 7.5星系尘埃质量所需的每颗渐近巨星分支（AGB）恒星和每颗超新星（SN）的尘埃产额（大爆炸后6.8 - 8.5亿年），已检测到尘埃排放（HFLS 3在z = 6.34，ULAS J1120 + 0641在z = 7.085，A1689-zD1在z = 7.5），或未成功搜索。我发现了非常高的所需产额，这意味着AGB星在这些红移下对尘埃的产生没有实质性的贡献，而SNe可以解释这些尘埃质量，但前提是它们不会破坏它们形成的大部分尘埃（考虑到未检测到尘埃的星系的SN尘埃产额的上限，这是不可能的）。这表明，在这些早期时期，星际介质中的颗粒生长可能是必需的。
英文摘要：
Dust plays an important role in our understanding of the Universe, but it is not obvious yet how the dust in the distant universe was formed. I derived the dust yields per asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star and per supernova (SN) required to explain dust masses of galaxies at z=6.3-7.5 (680-850 million years after the Big Bang) for which dust emission has been detected (HFLS3 at z=6.34, ULAS J1120+0641 at z=7.085, and A1689-zD1 at z=7.5), or unsuccessfully searched for. I found very high required yields, implying that AGB stars could not contribute substantially to dust production at these redshifts, and that SNe could explain these dust masses, but only if they do not destroy most of the dust they form (which is unlikely given the upper limits on the SN dust yields derived for galaxies where dust is not detected). This suggests that the grain growth in the interstellar medium is likely required at these early epochs.
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