Color-Magnitude Diagram Constraints on the Metallicities, Ages, and Star Formation History of the Stellar Populations in the Carina Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Don A. VandenBerg, Peter B. Stetson, Thomas M. Brown
备注:
15 pages, including 12 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Victoria-Regina isochrones for $-0.4 \le$ [alpha/Fe] $\le +0.4$ and a wide range in [Fe/H], along with complementary zero-age horizontal branch (ZAHB) loci, have been applied to the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of Carina. The color transformations that we have used have been "calibrated" so that isochrones provide excellent fits to the $[(B-V)_0,\,M_V]$-diagrams of M3 and M92, when well supported estimates of the globular cluster (GC) reddenings and metallicities are assumed. The adopted distance moduli, for both the GCs and Carina, are based on our ZAHB models, which are able to reproduce the old HB component (as well as the luminosity of the HB clump) of the dwarf spheroidal galaxy quite well --- even if it spans a range in [Fe/H] of ~ 1.5 dex, provided that [alpha/Fe] varies with [Fe/H] in approximately the way that has been derived spectroscopically. Ages derived here agree reasonably well with those found previously for the old and intermediate-age turnoff stars, as well as for the period of negligible star formation (SF) activity (~ 6-10 Gyr ago). CMD simulations have been carried out for the faintest turnoff and subgiant stars. They indicate a clear preference for SF that lasted several Gyr instead of a short burst, with some indication that ages decrease with increasing [Fe/H]. In general, stellar models that assume spectroscopic metallicities provide satisfactory fits to the observations, including the thin giant branch of Carina, though higher oxygen abundances than those implied by the adopted values of [alpha/Fe] would have favorable consequences.
Stellar Variability and Distance Indicators in the Near-infrared in Nearby Galaxies. II. Pulsating Stars in the Carina Dwarf Spheroidal
National Central University(中央大学);Taiwan Astronomical Research Alliance (TARA)(台湾天文研究联盟);Inter-University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA)(星际天文与天体物理中心)
The Carina Project. X. On the kinematics of old and intermediate-age stellar populations
我们提出了新的径向速度(RV)的测量老(水平分支)和中间年龄(红团)的船底座矮球体的恒星示踪剂。它们基于VIMOS在VLT收集的2,200多个低分辨率光谱。目标很微弱(20<V<21.5等),但在最微弱的极限下的精度<9公里/秒。这些数据与RV测量值进行了补充,RV测量值是基于在VLT使用FORS 2和FLAMES/GIRAFFE收集的光谱或文献中提供的光谱。我们最终得到了2748颗恒星的样本,其中1389颗是船底座候选恒星。我们发现,中间年龄的恒星组件显示出一个很好的定义围绕短轴旋转模式。与主RV峰相比,星系的西侧和东侧分别相差+5和-4 km s-1。老恒星的组成部分的特点是由一个较大的RV色散,并没有表现出RV模式的证据。我们将观察到的RV分布与围绕巨大MilkyWay星系的前盘状矮星系的N体模拟进行了比较(Lokas et al. 2015)。我们将模拟星系相对于长轴旋转60度,我们将观察者保持在矮星的轨道平面上,并提取了与观察到的恒星相似的恒星样本。观测到的和预测的Vrot/σ比值在整个中部地区是非常一致的。这些证据表明船底座是一个盘状矮星系,与银河系经历了几次强烈的潮汐相互作用。由于这些相互作用,船底座从盘状转变为长球体,旋转速度转变为随机运动。
Metal-rich carbon stars in the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal galaxy
本文介绍了用\it斯皮策太空望远镜对人马座矮球状星系(Sgr dSph)中六颗富碳AGB星和两颗前景银河系碳星的光谱观测结果。观测到的C $_2$ H $_2$和SiC特征的能带强度与在银河系AGB星中观测到的非常相似。的金属度估计从乙炔光学深度和SiC功能的强度之间的经验关系。金属丰度高于大麦哲伦星云,接近银河系。虽然高金属丰度可能意味着大约1 Gyr的年龄,但对于尘埃AGB恒星,脉动周期表明年龄超过2或3 Gyr。我们用DUSTY辐射转移模型拟合了观测到的恒星的光谱,并确定它们的尘埃质量损失率在1.0- 3.3 $\times 10^{-8} $ M $_{\odot}$ yr $^{-1}$的范围内。银河系前景的两颗富碳AGB恒星位于太阳圈的远端,在银河系中心之外。这两颗星中的一颗在我们目前的本星系群样本中显示出最强的SiC特征。
Unveiling the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Core with Gaia DR3: A Red Clump Distance Precise to 2%
The University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校);Whitman College(惠特曼学院);Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i(夏威夷大学天体物理研究所);Texas Christian University(得克萨斯基督教大学);Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer, Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope(莫纳克亚光谱巡天项目,加拿大法国夏威夷望远镜)
APOGEE chemical abundances of stars in the MW satellites Fornax, Sextans, Draco and Carina
Sun Yat-sen University(中山大学);CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area(中国空间站科学中心粤港澳大湾区分中心);Universidad Católica del Norte(北天主教大学);Nanjing University(南京大学)
The Population of Pulsating Variable Stars in the Sextans Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
智利托洛洛山美洲天文台的布兰科望远镜用暗能量照相机对六分仪矮球状星系的一个7平方度的大扩展区进行了变星观测。我们报告了7颗异常造父变星、199颗天琴座RR星和16颗矮造父变星。这只是第五个星系外的矮造父变星已被系统地搜索。尽管如此,新的恒星增加了来自不同环境的恒星的普查,可以用来评估使用矮造父变星作为标准烛光的优势和局限性,因为这些恒星的金属丰度不一定是已知的。在六分仪座发现的矮造父变星的平均周期为0.066天,平均$g$振幅为0.87磁等。它们位于水平分支的下方,跨度为0.8等,介于$21.9 < g < 22.7$之间。与船底座等其他星系相比,六分仪座中的矮造父变星数量较少,而船底座星系拥有大量的中年人口。另一方面,天琴座RR型恒星与矮造父变星的数量和比例与玉夫座非常相似,玉夫座是一个像六分仪座一样被古老的恒星星族所控制的星系。在六分仪中发现的造父矮星遵循一个很好的周期-光度关系,在$g$波段的均方根=0.05等,这是通过锚定到由天琴座RR型恒星给出的距离模量而建立的。虽然六分仪座中的大多数变星都位于星系的中心,但我们在星系的外围发现了2颗天琴座RR星和1颗异常造父变星,它们可能是潮汐外恒星,表明该星系可能正在经历潮汐破坏。这些可能的潮外变星与六分仪座有着相同的自行,正如最近的盖亚测量所看到的。
Spectroscopic metallicities and first α-element abundances of RR Lyrae stars in Baade's Window
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(智利天主教 Pontificia 大学);Universidad de Santiago de Chile(智利圣地亚哥大学);Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Astrophysics and Space Exploration (CIRAS)(天体物理与空间探索跨学科研究中心);Università degli Studi di Bologna(博洛尼亚大学);INAF(意大利国家天体物理研究所);Max Planck Institute for Astronomy(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所);Universität Heidelberg(海德堡大学);IAC – Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利天体物理研究所);Universidad de La Laguna(拉帕尔马大学);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台)