花生，brezels和香蕉：思考银河系凸起轨道结构的食物
Peanuts, brezels and bananas: food for thought on the orbital structure of the Galactic bulge
摘要：
最近的观测发现在银河系核球中存在一个盒子/花生或X形结构。这样的盒子/花生结构在外部盘星系中很常见，并且在N体模拟中是众所周知的，它们是在棒的屈曲不稳定性之后形成的。从分析势和N体模型的研究中，过去有人声称盒子/花生的凸起是由“香蕉”或x1 v1轨道支撑的。我们在这里提出了一套N体模型，而不是花生凸起主要是支持brezel样轨道，允许强大的花生形成短的程度相对于酒吧的长度。这表明X形的恒星不一定沿着香蕉轨道流动，香蕉轨道跟随X形的臂。brezel轨道也被发现是主要的轨道组成部分，支持花生形状在我们最近的制造到测量的银河系膨胀的动力学模型。我们还表明，在这些模型中，恒星轨道的分数，有助于X-结构占恒星质量的40-45%。
英文摘要：
Recent observations have discovered the presence of a Box/Peanut or X-shape structure in the Galactic bulge. Such Box/Peanut structures are common in external disc galaxies, and are well-known in N-body simulations where they form following the buckling instability of a bar. From studies of analytical potentials and N-body models it has been claimed in the past that Box/Peanut bulges are supported by "bananas", or x1v1 orbits. We present here a set of N-body models where instead the peanut bulge is mainly supported by brezel-like orbits, allowing strong peanuts to form with short extent relative to the bar length. This shows that stars in the X-shape do not necessarily stream along banana orbits which follow the arms of the X-shape. The brezel orbits are also found to be the main orbital component supporting the peanut shape in our recent Made-to-Measure dynamical models of the Galactic bulge. We also show that in these models the fraction of stellar orbits that contribute to the X-structure account for 40-45% of the stellar mass.
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