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arXiv 1503.06212astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EP
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L/T跃迁中的质光关系:新J带通量守恒双星SDSSJ105213 .51+ 442255.7 AB的动力学质量

The Mass-Luminosity Relation in the L/T Transition: Individual Dynamical Masses for the New J-Band Flux Reversal Binary SDSSJ105213.51+442255.7AB

Trent J. Dupuy, Michael C. Liu, S. K. Leggett, Michael J. Ireland, Kuenley Chiu, David A. Golimowski

摘要:

我们发现SDSSJ 105213.51 +442255.7(T0.5 $\pm$ 1.0)是凯克激光导星自适应光学成像中的一个双星,在J-K波段显示出大的通量反转($Δ$ J = -0.45 $\pm$ 0.09 mag,$Δ$ K = 0.52 $\pm$ 0.05 mag)。我们确定了总动力学质量从凯克轨道监测(88 $\pm$ 5 $M_{\rm Jup}$)和质量比,通过测量从CFHT/WIRCam绝对天体测量的质心轨道($M_B/M_A$ = 0.78 $\pm$ 0.07)。将这些结合起来,就可以得到任何场L或T矮星的第一个单独的动力学质量,对于L6.5 $\pm$ 1.5主星为49 $\pm$ 3 $M_{\rm Jup}$,对于T1.5 $\pm$ 1.0主星为39 $\pm$ 3 $M_{\rm Jup}$。对于一个几乎相等光度的双星来说,这样低的质量比意味着在L/T跃迁上有一个浅的质量$-$光度关系($Δ$ log $L_{\rm bol}$ / $Δ$ log $M = 0.6^{+0.6}_{-0.8}$)。这提供了第一个观测支持,云分散在亚恒星物体的光度演化中起着重要的作用。完全多云的模型没有通过我们对这一双星的共演化测试,给出了两个不一致的成分的年龄,相差0.2 dex(2.0 PDMATHAMT)。相比之下,我们观察到的质量和光度可以复制在一个单一的年龄由“混合”的演变轨迹,从多云到无云光球1300 K左右的平滑变化导致光度演变放缓。值得注意的是,这些模型也与我们观察到的JHK通量比和颜色很好地匹配。总的来说,SDSSJ 1052 + 4422 AB的显著特征,如J波段通量反转和高振幅变率,对于在云扩散过程中捕获的野外L/T双星来说是正常的,因为SDSSJ 1052 + 4422 AB的年龄(1.11 $^{+0.17}_{-0.20}$ Gyr)和表面重力(log $g$ = 5.0 $-$ 5.2)是野外超冷矮星的典型特征。

英文摘要:

We have discovered that SDSSJ105213.51+442255.7 (T0.5$\pm$1.0) is a binary in Keck laser guide star adaptive optics imaging, displaying a large J-to-K-band flux reversal ($Δ$J = -0.45$\pm$0.09 mag, $Δ$K = 0.52$\pm$0.05 mag). We determine a total dynamical mass from Keck orbital monitoring (88$\pm$5 $M_{\rm Jup}$) and a mass ratio by measuring the photocenter orbit from CFHT/WIRCam absolute astrometry ($M_B/M_A$ = 0.78$\pm$0.07). Combining these provides the first individual dynamical masses for any field L or T dwarfs, 49$\pm$3 $M_{\rm Jup}$ for the L6.5$\pm$1.5 primary and 39$\pm$3 $M_{\rm Jup}$ for the T1.5$\pm$1.0 secondary. Such a low mass ratio for a nearly equal luminosity binary implies a shallow mass$-$luminosity relation over the L/T transition ($Δ$log$L_{\rm bol}$/$Δ$log$M = 0.6^{+0.6}_{-0.8}$). This provides the first observational support that cloud dispersal plays a significant role in the luminosity evolution of substellar objects. Fully cloudy models fail our coevality test for this binary, giving ages for the two components that disagree by 0.2 dex (2.0$σ$). In contrast, our observed masses and luminosities can be reproduced at a single age by "hybrid" evolutionary tracks where a smooth change from a cloudy to cloudless photosphere around 1300 K causes slowing of luminosity evolution. Remarkably, such models also match our observed JHK flux ratios and colors well. Overall, it seems that the distinguishing features SDSSJ1052+4422AB, like a J-band flux reversal and high-amplitude variability, are normal for a field L/T binary caught during the process of cloud dispersal, given that the age (1.11$^{+0.17}_{-0.20}$ Gyr) and surface gravity (log$g$ = 5.0$-$5.2) of SDSSJ1052+4422AB are typical for field ultracool dwarfs.

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